1. 8 December 2015 ~Fill out your planners~ 8 December 2015 ~Fill out your planners~ Pass out New India Packets Pass out New India Packets Bellringer – India is a river valley civilization. What can you assume knowing this? Bellringer – India is a river valley civilization. What can you assume knowing this? Essential Quetsions for unit Essential Quetsions for unit Geography of Ancient India & First People Geography of Ancient India & First People HW: Read pages 124 – 129 HW: Read pages 124 – 129

2. Ancient India Geography and Early Cultures PowerPoint Packet pages 2 & 3

4. What river valley civilizations have we studied so far? What do all have in common? What assumptions can you make about India?

5. India is so large that it is considered to be a subcontinent. What is a subcontinent? What is a subcontinent? A large landmass that is smaller than a continent. A large landmass that is smaller than a continent. Scientists believe that India crashed into modern day Asia when ____Pangea________ broke up millions of years ago. Scientists believe that India crashed into modern day Asia when ____Pangea________ broke up millions of years ago.

6. India’s Mountains and Landforms What mountain range runs along the Northeast border of Modern India? What mountain range runs along the Northeast border of Modern India? The Himalayan Mountains The Himalayan Mountains What mountain range runs along the Northwest border of Modern India? What mountain range runs along the Northwest border of Modern India? The Hindu Kush The Hindu Kush What landforms cover most of India? What landforms cover most of India? Fertile plains and Plateaus Fertile plains and Plateaus

8. More information: What River Valley did Indian civilization originate from? What River Valley did Indian civilization originate from? The Indus River Valley The Indus River Valley When heavy snows in the Himalayas melted, the Indus River would flood leaving behind a layer of silt. This is just like the flooding in Mesopotamia and Egypt. When heavy snows in the Himalayas melted, the Indus River would flood leaving behind a layer of silt. This is just like the flooding in Mesopotamia and Egypt. What kind of climate does India experience? What kind of climate does India experience? Hot and Humid Hot and Humid

9. Harappan Civilization The first Indian civilization was called the Harappan The first Indian civilization was called the Harappan We do not know much, as we can not read their writing We do not know much, as we can not read their writing We do not have a “Rosetta Stone”We do not have a “Rosetta Stone” Focused on trade & religion rather than military might Focused on trade & religion rather than military might Artifacts to not focus on warArtifacts to not focus on war

10. Harappan Civilization What we can tell from primary sources is that they were very advanced What we can tell from primary sources is that they were very advanced 2 major cities were: Mohenjo Doro and Harappa 2 major cities were: Mohenjo Doro and Harappa They were well planned! Examples: They were well planned! Examples: Stood near a towering fortress (defenders could look down on the cities streets from these fortresses)Stood near a towering fortress (defenders could look down on the cities streets from these fortresses) Brick StreetsBrick Streets Streets crossed at right anglesStreets crossed at right angles Many public wellsMany public wells

12. Artist’s drawing to show layout based off of found artifacts.

13. Harappan Primary Sources Notice the attention to detail that was given. What assumptions can be made based off of this?

14. What inferences can be made based off of these primary sources?

15. Aryan Invasion

16. The Aryans They (Harappan) were conquered by the Aryans. They (Harappan) were conquered by the Aryans. At first the Aryans were nomads that took control of the river valley. What caused them to create permanent settlements? At first the Aryans were nomads that took control of the river valley. What caused them to create permanent settlements? FARMINGFARMING At first the Aryan settlers did NOT read or write. At first the Aryan settlers did NOT read or write. The important poems and hymns in Aryan culture had to be memorized. They were called the Vedas. The important poems and hymns in Aryan culture had to be memorized. They were called the Vedas. Eventually Sanskrit records were written down. Eventually Sanskrit records were written down. The most important language of Ancient India was Sanskrit. The most important language of Ancient India was Sanskrit.