1. Monday September 21 Chapter 3, Creating Anglo-America, 1660-1750

2. Classwork for Monday Sept. 21 1-Get a head start on homework reading and notes: Ch. 3, Colonies in Crisis through the Salem Witch Trials, pp. 108-113. 2-Review today’s PPT

3. Chapter 3, Creating Anglo-America, 1660-1750: Colonies in Crisis King Philip’s War (1675-1676) in New England and Bacon’s Rebellion (1676) in Virginia set the stage for considerable tumult and turmoil in the American colonies in the years to come.

4. Chapter 3, Creating Anglo-America, 1660-1750, Colonies in Crisis: The Glorious Revolution in England Religious and political turmoil in England also sent shock waves through the American colonies. In 1688 a coup d’etat ousted catholic King James II and replaced him with Protestants King William and Queen Mary (daughter of James II). Protestant English aristocrats would not allow a Roman Catholic ruler, so they invited William of Orange from the United Provinces (the Netherlands) to assume the English throne. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OwuyaeLUYM4 Eric Foner on the Glorious Revolution, 1688—1689 (2m)

5. Chapter 3, Creating Anglo-America, 1660-1750, Colonies in Crisis: The Glorious Revolution in England The Glorious Revolution in England assured the supremacy of parliament over the monarch and the Protestant succession to the throne. Parliament issued a Bill of Rights (1689) guaranteeing individual rights such as trial by jury. Parliament adopted the Toleration Act (1690), which allowed Protestant dissenters to worship freely, although only Anglicans (Church of England) could hold public office.

6. Chapter 3, Creating Anglo-America, 1660-1750, Colonies in Crisis: The Glorious Revolution in America For a long time, the English had left the colonies alone/ “Salutary Neglect.” Proprietors “owners” in Carolina, New York, and Maryland had long run those colonies as they wished. The English had looked the other way. Governor Berkeley in Virginia had run the colony as he saw fit. (Remember Bacon’s Rebellion.) The English had not paid attention. New England colonies had flouted the Navigation Acts and engaged in large-scale smuggling. The English had chosen not to see.

7. Chapter 3, Creating Anglo-America, 1660-1750, Colonies in Crisis: The Glorious Revolution in America However, England began a crackdown on the colonies as early as 1675. Recently created Lords of Trade established by England to “oversee” (get back in line) the colonies. 1678 the Lords of Trade questioned Massachusetts leaders about the colony’s compliance with the Navigation Acts. Shocked to be told that Massachusetts did not intend to comply (refused to obey) because they had no representatives in parliament.

8. Chapter 3, Creating Anglo-America, 1660-1750, Colonies in Crisis: The Glorious Revolution in America Further infuriating the colonials, King James II had ordered the creation of a “super colony,” called the Dominion of New England, between 1686 and 1688. This “super colony” combined Connecticut, Plymouth, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, New York, among others. The individual colonies, with their unique characteristics, ceased to exist. Ruled by Sir Edmund Andros, who did not have to answer to anyone elected by the colonists. Charles II had earlier revoked the Massachusetts Charter of Liberties because of smuggling and other violations of the Navigation Acts; James II’s actions made colonials even more angry and discontented.

9. Chapter 3, Creating Anglo-America, 1660-1750, Colonies in Crisis/The Maryland Uprising The overthrow of King James II in 1688 triggered rebellions in the American colonies. 1689-Boston militia seized and arrested Sir Edmund Andros. Also in 1689, New England colonies re-established their former governments that had been abolished when the Dominion of New England was set up by James II.

10. Chapter 3, Creating Anglo-America, 1660-1750, Colonies in Crisis: The Maryland Uprising 1689-Catholic proprietor of Maryland, Lord Baltimore, overthrown by Protestants. Colony had originally been set up as a haven for persecuted English Catholics. New Protestant-dominated government set up.

11. Chapter 3, Creating Anglo-America, 1660-1750, Colonies in Crisis: Leisler’s Rebellion Jacob Leisler, a Calvinist (ardent Protestant), backed by a rebel miitia, took control of New York in 1689. Some Protestants had feared that James II would return New York to “popery.” The rebellion was quashed and Leisler was executed. The brutal manner of his execution caused outrage and discontent in New York for years to come.

12. Chapter 3, Creating Anglo-America, 1660-1750, Colonies in Crisis: Changes in New England Plymouth colony (estb. 1620 by Puritan Separatists) ceased to exist and was absorbed into Massachusetts, in 1691. The “Bible Commonwealth” was transformed, much to the dismay (outrage) of the Puritan establishment. New colony had to abide by the 1690 Toleration Act, which meant that all Protestant dissenters could worship freely. Puritan leaders were outraged because they considered other Protestant denominations heretical (Quakers, for example.) Massachusetts is in turmoil.

13. Homework for Tuesday September 22 1-Homework reading and notes on pp. 108-113, Colonies in Crisis through the Salem Witch Trials. 2-Study today’s PPT.