1. Aim: Review for Test on World War I Bring a #2 pencil and a pen. Essay: Causes of World War I (MANIA)

2.  France wanted revenge for the Franco- Prussian war. Archduke Ferdinand was assassinated by a Serbian who wanted independence.

3.  stronger nation takes over a weaker nation. The Industrial Revolution created a need for raw materials and markets for goods. Germany and France are fighting over North Africa.

4.  Triple Entente- France, Britain and Russia (U.S. enters- Allies)  Triple Alliance- Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary (Turkey- Central Powers)

5.  Build weapons and supplies. First war after the Industrial Revolution. Mass produced. Germany and Britain are competing for the strongest navy. History of militarism in Germany- Bismarck “Blood and Iron”

6.  Archduke Ferdinand of Austria- Hungary was assassinated by a Serbian who wanted independence.

7.  Britain had an alliance with Belgium.  Germany invaded Belgium’s neutrality (Schliffen Plan).

8.  Sinking of the Lusitania- British passenger liner with Americans on board. Germans were practicing “unrestricted submarine warfare.” Restore freedom of the seas.  Zimmerman Telegram- from Germany to Mexico asking for alliance. Germany would help regain territory. Intercepted by British.

9.  The Russian Revolution (Communist Revolution) took place.  Germany wanted Russia out of the war to avoid a two fronted war.  Smuggled Lenin into Russia.  War in the east was over. Germany could concentrate on the war in the west.  Treaty of Brest Litofsk ended the war.  Russia lost land- food and fuel shortages.

10.  Austria-Hungary divided.  Yugoslavia is created.  Alsace and Lorraine returned to France.

11.  Triple Entente- France, Britain & Russia.  Triple Alliance- Germany, Italy and Austria-Hungary.

12.  Purpose- to prevent future wars.  Create new nations based on ethnicity- SELF DETERMINATION.  Military disarmament  League of Nations.  Results- Britain & France didn’t use Wilson’s ideas- wanted to punish Germany.

13.  Germany had to admit full responsibility for the war.  Pay reparations (damages).  Occupied by troops.  Return Alsace and Lorraine to France.  Caused WWII- created economic and political problems.  Too harsh on Germany.

14.  Submarines  Tanks  Airplanes  Machine guns  Poison gas  Grenades  Flame throwers

15.  Otto von Bismarck- “Blood and Iron.”  Used military force to unify Germany- Franco-Prussian War.  Began militarism in Germany.  Created hatred between France and Germany.

16.  Eastern Europe.  Many ethnic groups living in one region.  Each wanted independence.  Led to the assassination.  “powder keg”