1. Law that gave settlers 160 acres of land for 10$ if they lived on the land for 5 years and improved it. Invented the telephone. Famous inventor who perfected the incandescent lightbulb and well as many other products. Method of forming a big business by having several companies act as one, but in reality they are separate companies. Method of forming a big business by combining several companies into one. Famous author who wrote many popular dime novels of the period. This is a group that controls the activities of a city by dominating the voting process. Often times greed and corruption where common partners of this type of system. Famous political machine that controlled New York City in the late 1800’s. Was exposed by the political cartoons of Thomas Nast. Law that officially dismantled the spoils system and created a system of examinations to determine the hiring of civil service workers. Passed in 1882 after the assassination of President Garfield by a disgruntled job-seeker. System of examinations that gave jobs to the most qualified person for the job. Maintained a competent civil service system. Replaced the old spoils system. Areas where many immigrants with the same background would settle in large urban areas. Gave them a place of security and comfort. Cramped, poorly built apartment buildings inhabited by many immigrants in the large urban cities. Wrote a book about the living conditions of the poor called “How the Other Half Lives”. Middle Class reformer who founded Hull House as a place to help immigrants in their new home. Places where immigrants and the poor could find help in the large urban areas. Early examples were the Hull House founded by Jane Addams in Chicago and the Henry Street House in New York. Union that only accepts skilled laborers. Led by Samuel Gompers Leader of the AFL. Accepted only skilled labor into the union. Type of union that only accepted members who were from the same industry. Led by Eugene V. Debs. Leader of the Industrial Union Movement where all workers of a particular industry belonged to the same union. This was a change in the pattern of immigration, as many people from eastern and southern Europe began to immigrate to the U.S. Idea that the best businesses and businessmen will rise to the top. A belief in the survival of the fittest in business. Was a theory widely supported by the successful. Practice of giving away large sums of wealth to charitable causes. Practiced by men such as Rockefeller and Carnegie. Law that attempted to regulate the efforts of big business by declaring trusts to be illegal. Passed in 1890. Labor Union led by Terence Powderly that accepted all types of workers. Labor strike where someone threw a bomb into the crowd killing several people. Happened in Chicago in 1886. Method of forming a big business by controlling all of the same type business. Method of forming a big business by owning or controlling all businesses that are related to your primary business. Owner of Standard Oil Company. One of the richest men in America. Criticized because of his business tactics. One of the leading RR owners in the nation. Consolidated many smaller railroads into a large monopoly on northeastern RR traffic. Leader of the American steel industry. Believed in Social Darwinism as a means of justifying his wealth. Gave away millions of dollars in philanthropy. --- Homestead Act Alexander Graham Bell Thomas Edison TrustMerger Horizontal Integration Vertical IntegrationJohn D. Rockefeller Cornelius vanderbiltAndrew Carnegie Social Darwinism PhilanthropySherman Anti-trust Knights of laborHaymarket Square Horatio Alger Political MachineTweed Ring / Tammany Hall Pendelton ActMerit System AFLSamuel Gompers Industrial Union Eugene V. DebsNew Immigration Ethnic Neighborhood TenementsJacob Riis Jane AddamsSettlement Houses