1. Comparing Three Great Lakes Research Projects By Mary Bresee

2. FIA & Satellite Imagery Forest Inventory Analysis (FIA) ~ an annual survey which includes soil, understory vegetation, tree crown conditions, composition and coarse woody debris (http://biology.usgs.gov/luhna/chap6.html). Satellite imagery ~ mechanisms affecting ecological processes and ultimately human impacts (He et al. 1998). ~ facilitates the assessment of conditions, changes, and trends (Bresee et al. in press)

3. Research Projects Historical Landcover Changes~ 150 years in GLR ~Reconstructed from U.S General land survey and USFS fourth FIA Regional Forest Assessment ~ Distribution of age and species ~ Combination of Satellite Imagery (Multitemporal Landsat Thermatic Mapper) and FIA Chequamegon Landscape Dynamics ~ Landsat Imagery (MSS, TM, and ETM+)

4. Results ~ 150 Years Landcover Change Boreal forest and conifer swamp Pine forest and barrens Northern mesic forest Aspen-birch forest Oak forest and savanna Wet mesic forest Non-forest Water Spruce-fir-cedar Jack-red-white pine Maple-basswood-birch Aspen-birch forest Oak-hickory Elm-ash-cottonwood-soft maple Non-forest Water

5. Results ~ 150 Years Landcover Change

6. Results ~ Regional Forest Assessment a) Spatial distribution of associated tree species by ecoregion following integration of satellite classification and FIA database; a) basswood, b) red maple, and c) yellow birch Tree spp of interest Other forest Non-Forest

7. Results ~ Regional Forest Assessment Tree spp of interest Other forest Non-Forest

8. Chequamegon~ Landscape change 1972 1987 Water Legend JPNFBGMHCMHRPRFS 19781982 19922001

9. Results ~ Chequamegon Landscape Dynamics

11. Discussion Scale ~ important to define in objectives otherwise results can be obsolete Ex. Study 1 indicated that areas in the Washburn Peninsula have not changed extensively within the last 150 years, while study indicated large changes. Data Collection Methods~ important to understand the limitations of satellite imagery Fragmentation ~ can be detected at the landscape level Ex. 1 vs Ex. 3

12. Conclusions Satellite imagery can quantify landscape change - based on management direction and with adequate field measurements. BUT IT’S DEPENDANT ON SCALE Linking process to Management/Disturbance ~ the ability to link processes and management is key in understanding pattern processes interactions Linking process to pattern

13. Questions ?