1. SMJ 3513 © Dr. MKAJ 1 Lecture 3 Design Process & Design Methods

2. SMJ 3513 © Dr. MKAJ 2 Design Process vs. Design Methods  Design Methods – the techniques employed during design proces  Design Process – a series of processes involving identification of needs, planning, setting up specifications, conceptualization and product development

3. SMJ 3513 © Dr. MKAJ 3 Recognition of Need Problem Definition Concept Generation Detail Design Manufacture Market Design Process Concept Evaluation Decision matrix, ranking & weighting techniques Brainstorming, synectics, analogy, morphological charts, functional analysis Literature search, investigation, interviews, observation, questionnaires, testing, data/information collection, demand/wish/constraints, product design specification (PDS) Value Engineering, Design for X’s, Failure Mode & Effect Analysis (FMEA), CAD/CAE Design Methods Quality Engineering, Design of Experiment, Product Testing

4. SMJ 3513 © Dr. MKAJ 4 Stage 1: Recognition of Need  Most needs are ill-defined  Very vague – unclear!  Too broad – no boundary, too general, lack specific  Designers must be certain  No assumption – “ I think this is the way to do it...”, “I think the user will like it…”  Need facts and figures

5. SMJ 3513 © Dr. MKAJ 5 Stage 2 – Problem Definition  Also called Clarification of Task – to clearly define the ill-defined need/problem  Common methods:  Literature search  Investigation, interviews, observation, questionnaires, testing, data/information collection  Demand/wish/constraints  Product Design Specification (PDS)

6. SMJ 3513 © Dr. MKAJ 6 Example – Problem Definition Problem Statement You have been given a task to design a battery-operated car jack for domestic market. The product must not exceed RM 300/unit. It should be easy to use, lightweight and portable. Battery operated Domestic market Easy to use Lightweight Portable

7. SMJ 3513 © Dr. MKAJ 7 Problem Definition: Car Jack  Battery operated – Cigarette lighter? Direct to car battery? Amperage? Voltage? Car battery capacity?…..  Domestic market – user? Class of car? Type of car? Age group? Income group? Gender? Tonnage? Mounting point? Existing Design? Competitors? …  Easy to use – operation time? Height? Size? Storage? Weight?  Lightweight – How light? Existing Design?  Portable – Storage? Case? Target car storage capacity? Location of storage?

8. SMJ 3513 © Dr. MKAJ 8 Wrapping up Problem Definition Stage After exhaustive effort of defining the problem, you must have a better idea about your design boundary. Then you should sit down and prepare the REQUIREMENTS of your design:  Design Objectives, Wish lists, Constraints  Product Design Specification (PDS) – Prof. Stuart Pugh

9. SMJ 3513 © Dr. MKAJ 9 Stage 3 – Concept Generation  This is the most difficult and critical stage in design  Need to employ CREATIVITY and INNOVATIVENESS

10. SMJ 3513 © Dr. MKAJ 10 STOP HERE! Let’s have fun! Mini Project (30%) You need to design a ‘device’ that can prevent a raw chicken egg from breaking when it is thrown from the first floor of C23. This ‘device’ must:  Use recycle material and must not exceed 500 g (including the egg)  Be original and ‘home grown’- no ‘ready-made’ device  Be purely mechanical

11. SMJ 3513 © Dr. MKAJ 11 Expectation  Due in 2 weeks from today  Progress and developmental work - problem definition, concept generation, evaluation criteria.  Demonstrate some level of critical thinking - ability to relate to the basic concepts of engineering  Originality  Functionality

12. SMJ 3513 © Dr. MKAJ 12 Deliverables  Prototype  Developmental sketches  Simple report  Short Oral Presentation

13. SMJ 3513 © Dr. MKAJ 13 Grading Criteria  is the design creative?  is the design well engineered? The employment of basic engineering analysis and concept  does the design adhere to the specifications and meet all the constraints?  quality of the design report – is it well-written, well-structured, and contain all necessary information?  quality of the oral presentations  participation in the weekly meetings

14. SMJ 3513 © Dr. MKAJ 14 Idea Generation Techniques  Use Brainstorming  Analogical Thinking – relate to events or situations or objects surrounding you Selamat Mencuba!