1. © MarineXML 2005 Slide 1 of 19 Geospatial Standards for Earth System Science Data Edinburgh, Scotland, 6 th -8 th September 2005 MarineXML & MOTIIVE Keiran Millard

2. © MarineXML 2005 Slide 2 of 19 Geospatial Standards for Earth System Science Data Edinburgh, Scotland, 6 th -8 th September 2005 Scope MarineXML initiative INSPIRE, GMES and global services –What is INSPIRE hoping to do? Marine community and interoperability –What standards are in place –Open source standards MOTIIVE –Tangiable steps to using OGC specifications for marine/coastal data exchange

3. © MarineXML 2005 Slide 3 of 19 Geospatial Standards for Earth System Science Data Edinburgh, Scotland, 6 th -8 th September 2005 MarineXML initiaitives IOC/ICES Study Group National Marine Data Centres EU MarineXML National Marine Data Centres Private companies Research Organisations Government Agencies MarineXML.net IODE EU Motiive Private companies Research Organisations Government Agencies

4. © MarineXML 2005 Slide 4 of 19 Geospatial Standards for Earth System Science Data Edinburgh, Scotland, 6 th -8 th September 2005 User Context

5. © MarineXML 2005 Slide 5 of 19 Geospatial Standards for Earth System Science Data Edinburgh, Scotland, 6 th -8 th September 2005 Summary of Issues INSPIRE implementation (presently) raises more questions than it answers Unclear how (or if) realtime applications benefit from INSPIRE –WMO/JCOMM Unclear how GMES Services make use of INSPIRE and the benefits delivered MOTIIVE is set-up to solve these issues

6. © MarineXML 2005 Slide 6 of 19 Geospatial Standards for Earth System Science Data Edinburgh, Scotland, 6 th -8 th September 2005 Standards and Met/Ocean data IOC and 19110/19136 –MarineXML IHO and 19110 (‘Navigation GML’) –GML encoding of S-57 v3.1 & S-57 v4 IOC and IHO –Collaboration intent of wider deployment of ‘Marine Feature Catalogue’ (IOC/IODE XVIII, 2005) WMO and 19110/5 –COST-719 & WMO 19115 Core Profile NDG/SEEGrid and 19110/19136 (‘Science GML’) –NDG/SEEGrid is informing GML development –Climate Science Mark-Up Language (CSML)

7. © MarineXML 2005 Slide 7 of 19 Geospatial Standards for Earth System Science Data Edinburgh, Scotland, 6 th -8 th September 2005 Interoperability Where does it need to happen? –Level of processing (measurement, data, product) –Between which organisations/communities? –Closed v open Standards promote interoperability (ISO/OGC) –Standards framework is always a good place to start to realise interoperability. –“Interoperability provides the freedom to mix and match information system components without compromising overall success” ISO 19101: Geographic information Reference model Therefore there is a (business) test for what level of interoperability works

8. © MarineXML 2005 Slide 8 of 19 Geospatial Standards for Earth System Science Data Edinburgh, Scotland, 6 th -8 th September 2005 GOOS WMO Interoperability in the Marine Community Met Ocean Science Physical Chemical Biological Navigation Dredging & Extraction Conservation Fisheries Aquaculture Water Quality Energy Forecasts Hindcasts Closed interoperability in communities are optimised for operations. Open interoperability needed when exchanging outside of communities (optimised for exchange)

9. © MarineXML 2005 Slide 9 of 19 Geospatial Standards for Earth System Science Data Edinburgh, Scotland, 6 th -8 th September 2005 Feature Types Feature Types (ISO 19110) are the primary language component for a spatial community to define real world phenomena. Although ISO19136 provides a route for the encoding of Feature Types in XML, it does not provide a route-map for defining the features themselves. The level of granularity for Feature Types has to be based on the governance model. If no- one is prepared to put in place a process to define semantics, interoperability has reached its limits.

10. © MarineXML 2005 Slide 10 of 19 Geospatial Standards for Earth System Science Data Edinburgh, Scotland, 6 th -8 th September 2005 MarineXML & Feature Catalogues Physical - Chemical - Biological There is no single ‘Marine Feature Type’. –Given the diversity of the marine community, what is needed is a mechanism to represent what needs to be exchanged Different sub-communities take responsibility for their feature types. –It becomes wholly impractical for any single organisation, such as IOC, to manage and maintain all the Feature Types that the marine community could require. –Different parts and operations of the marine community need to subscribe to their own data standards as these are integral to their operations.

11. © MarineXML 2005 Slide 11 of 19 Geospatial Standards for Earth System Science Data Edinburgh, Scotland, 6 th -8 th September 2005 Strong & Weak Feature Types Weaker: –Greater flexibility so that we can accommodate a large a number of features via the use of different domain vocabularies to specify types. –There is less control by the feature type specification, thus less conformance checking at that level. –The user is “on their own” to detail the specifics of the features which they need to use. –A smaller, less detailed specification, providing a framework. Stronger –The approach is more rigid, so that it becomes harder to accommodate new features. –There is more control in the structural checking –More aid can be given to the user on the choice of feature type. –A larger more detailed specification is given, providing much more data

12. © MarineXML 2005 Slide 12 of 19 Geospatial Standards for Earth System Science Data Edinburgh, Scotland, 6 th -8 th September 2005 Strong & Weak Feature Types Features Strong ‘Physical’ Weak ‘Data’ Gridded data of bathymetry Bathymetry for navigation Community Domains

13. © MarineXML 2005 Slide 13 of 19 Geospatial Standards for Earth System Science Data Edinburgh, Scotland, 6 th -8 th September 2005 Feature Types defined by CSML Includes wrapper for NetCDF, GRIB, NASAAmes Seven Feature Types CSML feature type principles: offload semantics onto parameter type offload semantics onto CRS ‘sensible plotting’ as useful discriminant

14. © MarineXML 2005 Slide 14 of 19 Geospatial Standards for Earth System Science Data Edinburgh, Scotland, 6 th -8 th September 2005 XML Parser SeeMyDENC Data Dictionary S52 Portrayal Library SENC Marine GML (NDG) Feature Types XML Biological Species Chl-a from Satellite Modelled Hydrodynamics XSLT For each XSD (for the source data) there is an XSLT to translate the data to the Feature Types (FT) defined by CSML. The FT’s and XSLT are maintained in a ‘MarineXML registry’ The FTs can then be translated to equivalent FTs for display in the ECDIS system XSLT Features in the source XSD must be present in the data dictionary. XSD XML The result of the translation is an encoding that contains the marine data in weakly typed (i.e. generic) Features XSLT Phenomena in the XSD must have an associated portrayal ECDIS acts as an example client for the data. Data from different parts of the marine community conforming to a variety of schema (XSD) Measured Hydrodynamics S-57v3 GML XML XSD XML XSD Feature described using S-57v3.1Application Schema can be imported and are equivalent to the same features in CSML’

15. © MarineXML 2005 Slide 15 of 19 Geospatial Standards for Earth System Science Data Edinburgh, Scotland, 6 th -8 th September 2005 Biological sampling station with attributes for the species sampled at each Grid of Chl-a from the MERIS instrument on ENVISAT Predicted and measured wave climate timeseries (height, direction and period) Vectors of currents from instruments MarineXML Testbed

16. © MarineXML 2005 Slide 16 of 19 Geospatial Standards for Earth System Science Data Edinburgh, Scotland, 6 th -8 th September 2005 The Concept of re-using Features Here structured XML is converted to plain ascii text in the form required for a numerical model HTML warning service pages are generated ‘on the fly’ XML can also be converted to SVG to display data graphically Here the same XML is converted to the SENC format used in a proprietary tool for viewing electronic navigation charts. New opportunities through OGC standards (WxS) to provided bespoke geo- information products by combing data from different sources. All this requires agreement on standards

17. © MarineXML 2005 Slide 17 of 19 Geospatial Standards for Earth System Science Data Edinburgh, Scotland, 6 th -8 th September 2005 WMS for Hydrolographic Data WFS for S-57 3.1 data produced by UHKO / Galdos.

18. © MarineXML 2005 Slide 18 of 19 Geospatial Standards for Earth System Science Data Edinburgh, Scotland, 6 th -8 th September 2005 MOTIIVE Physical - Chemical - Biological (How to) Implement of OGC services in the marine domain –‘Ocean Features’ with ‘Elevation’ –Based on the ‘building blocks’ presented here Cost:benefit of using open standards interoperability –Where is this postive/negative? Registry infrastructure for standards and servcies –IHO & IOC Due to start…NOW! –Links with RISE

19. © MarineXML 2005 Slide 19 of 19 Geospatial Standards for Earth System Science Data Edinburgh, Scotland, 6 th -8 th September 2005 Conclusions Significant contribution internationally to the development and trialling of standards framework for met/ocean data A “pre-standardisation level” has been established for using XML for marine data exchange based on IS019000 standards –IHO and IOC Plans Met/ocean community is informing ISO developments –ISO 19111 (Spatial referencing by coordinates) – proposal for ‘parametric’ vertical datum actively being pursued.

20. © MarineXML 2005 Slide 20 of 19 Geospatial Standards for Earth System Science Data Edinburgh, Scotland, 6 th -8 th September 2005 Conclusions Marine community cannot be served by a single Feature Catalogue –Ontology to map features to catalogues –Evolutionary process Test-bed phase demonstrated one Feature Type Catalogue for general purpose data interchange –Now released as CSML –Proof of concept for interoperability with S-57 IODE to continue ‘MarineXML’ steering role MOTIIVE – INSPIRE pilot project, and follow-on from MarineXML

21. © MarineXML 2005 Slide 21 of 19 Geospatial Standards for Earth System Science Data Edinburgh, Scotland, 6 th -8 th September 2005 Working with MarineXML If you would like to support the development of MarineXML, please go to the IOC interoperability website. www.marineXML.net or www.motiive.net The findings from the EU MarineXML project now form the basis of the EU project Motiive that looks at open standards for the development of INSPIRE and GMES. Motiive is undertaken under the auspices of IOC’s MarineXML initiative