1. CERN as a World Laboratory: From a European Organization to a global facility CERN openlab Board of Sponsors July 2, 2010 Rüdiger Voss CERN Physics Department & External Relations Office

2. United Kingdom and CERN / February 2010 2 2 CERN was founded 1954: 12 European States Today: 20 Member States CERN was founded 1954: 12 European States Today: 20 Member States ~ 2300 staff~ 2300 staff ~ 790 other paid personnel~ 790 other paid personnel > 10000 users> 10000 users Budget (2010) ~1’100 MCHFBudget (2010) ~1’100 MCHF ~ 2300 staff~ 2300 staff ~ 790 other paid personnel~ 790 other paid personnel > 10000 users> 10000 users Budget (2010) ~1’100 MCHFBudget (2010) ~1’100 MCHF 20 Member States: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.20 Member States: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. 1 Candidate for Accession to Membership of CERN: Romania1 Candidate for Accession to Membership of CERN: Romania 8 Observers to Council: India, Israel, Japan, the Russian Federation, the United States of America, Turkey, the European Commission and UNESCO8 Observers to Council: India, Israel, Japan, the Russian Federation, the United States of America, Turkey, the European Commission and UNESCO 20 Member States: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.20 Member States: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. 1 Candidate for Accession to Membership of CERN: Romania1 Candidate for Accession to Membership of CERN: Romania 8 Observers to Council: India, Israel, Japan, the Russian Federation, the United States of America, Turkey, the European Commission and UNESCO8 Observers to Council: India, Israel, Japan, the Russian Federation, the United States of America, Turkey, the European Commission and UNESCO

3. CERN TODAY : THE INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK  20 European Member States, sharing the base budget prorata NNI  One candidate (Romania)  Five applications pending (Cyprus, Israel, Serbia, Slovenia, Turkey)  8 Observers  6 countries (some with ‘enhanced rights’)  2 International Organisations  ~ 40 International Co-operation agreements  Mostly non-European countries  Basis for Non-Member State (NMS) collaboration & contributions to CERN projects (LHC experiments, GRID computing)  ~ 10 other countries with active scientific contacts/collaborations  Clear distinction between –  European membership based on funding of recurrent budget  Non-European co-operation based on ad-hoc co-operation and project-oriented funding  Why? CERN openlab Board of Sponsors | July 2, 2010 3

4. The CERN Convention (1953) CERN openlab Board of Sponsors | July 2, 2010 4 “The Organization shall provide for collaboration among European States in nuclear research of a pure scientific and fundamental character, and in research essentially related thereto”

5. CERN in Numbers

9. NMS: CONTRIBUTIONS TODAY AND TOMORROW  Non-Member States (NMS) today contribute ~ 1/3 to CERN’s current research programm:  ~ 1/3 of the CERN User community (~ 10’000)  ~ 1/3 of collaborating institutes (~ 650)  ~ 1/3 of LHC detectors construction cost  Physicist vote with their feet: large increases of NMS participations catalyzed by unique world-class flagship projects – LEP and LHC  Post-LHC megascience projects can only be built in truly global collaboration (as opposed to regional organization with ad-hoc extensions)  Will require substantial infrastructure investments from present NMS CERN openlab Board of Sponsors | July 2, 2010 9 CERN needs to adapt its institutional framework: ● Reflect the globalization of the LHC ● Prepare for large-scale post-LHC projects

10. G EOGRAPHICAL E NLARGEMENT OF CERN  Full Membership open to ANY state, irrespective of its location  European members to retain majority!  New schemes of Associate Membership:  Pre-stage to full membership  Compulsory transition phase (> 2 years) to full membership  > 25% of “theoretical MS contribution” (at least 1 MCHF)  Long-term Associate Membership ‘per se’  > 10% of “theoretical MS contribution” (at least 1 MCHF)  NO right to vote in Council  Entitled to industrial contracts, CERN Staff positions etc. pro rata financial contributions  Present scheme of International Collaboration Agreements to be retained  Present Observer status to be retained only for (international) organizations CERN openlab Board of Sponsors | July 2, 2010 10 CERN Council decision (June 2010):