1. Kingdom Protista “ The Catch-All Kingdom” Protozoans

2. Characteristics  Single celled  Microscopic  Move independently – named for mechanism of movement  65,000 species  Most heterotrophic  Free-living or parasitic  All capable of asexual reproduction through binary or multiple fission  Some reproduce sexually through conjugation

3. Sexual reproduction

4. Asexual reproduction  Binary  fission

5. Schizogony  Asexual reproduction in multiple fission, as in Malaria

6. Classification  Currently based on HOW they MOVE  Reviewing this by looking at phylogeny

7. 4 Phyla of Protozoans  Sarcodina  Ciliophora  Zoomastigina  Sporozoa

8. Adaptations  Physiological mechanisms, like eyespots  Form cysts  Multiple nuclei

9. Evolution of Protista  Prokaryotes – 3.5 billion years ago  Eukaryotes – 1.5 billion years ago  Protozoan thought to be descendents of first eukaryotes  Endosymbiotic Theory

10. Endosymbiotic Theory

11. Phylums…

12. Sarcodina  40,000 species  Amoebas  Pseudopodia – most move  Cytoplasmic streaming  Eat other protists  Ecological roles: forams – tests made from caco3 – sink to bottom and make limestone and chalk deposits Radiolaria – t4ests made form sio2  Cause diseases like amebic dysentary

14. Phylum Ciliophora  8,000 species  Move using cilia  Pellicle, oral groove, gullet, macronucleus, micronucleus  Paramecium

16. Phylum Zoomastigina  2,500 species  Move using flagella  Most free-living  Cause disease – zooflagellates  African trypanosomiasis – sleeping sickness – tsetse fly  Chagas Disease – kissing bug  Leishmaniasis – sand fly  giardiasis

17. The tsetse fly – sleeping sickness vector

18. The Kissing Bug

19. Leishmaniasis

20. Phylum Sporozoa  6,000 species  Carried in blood  Cause disease like toxoplasmosis and malaria  Know malaria cycle!!!!

22. The end for now….

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