1. Introduction Evaporation Transpiration Condensation Precipitation Infiltration Percolation Runoff Groundwater

2. Water is essential for all life. Plants and animals rely on water to survive. Water is essential for all life. Plants and animals rely on water to survive. Water covers about 2/3 of the earth’s surface. Water covers about 2/3 of the earth’s surface. The way water moves around the world and the way it is stored is called the water cycle. The way water moves around the world and the way it is stored is called the water cycle. The water cycle is the continuous cycle of water as it changes its physical state and geographic position over the Earth’s surface. Water is transferred between various storages through a number of processes.

3. The water cycle is also known as the hydrologic cycle. It describes how water is collected, purified and distributed over the Earth’s surface in a continuous cycle (meaning in an endless cycle). The water is always moving and always changing.

4. The water cycle is a closed system, this means that no water enters or leaves the system.

5. The total amount of water circulating in the cycle is 1385 million cubic kilometres.

6. This same amount of water has been in the water cycle for millions of years…. you may drink the same water that Cleopatra bathed in or was urinated by a dinosaur… it is just as well that it is purified through the process of evaporation!

7. What powers the system? the sun’s energy: insolation or incoming solar radiation that causes evaporation. gravity: causes precipitation to fall to the ground and water to run downhill and sink into the ground.

8. Date:

9. The conversion of liquid water into water vapour

10. When moisture is lost by evaporation from plant leaves

11. When water vapour gets converted back into liquid water

12. When moisture falls back to earth in the form of rain, sleet, hail, snow, fog, dew and frost

13. When water soaks into the soil.

14. Water that flows through the rocks underground.

15. Water that flows across the surface of the ground.

16. Water that flows in rivers… eventually into the sea.

17. When water moves down through the layers of soil and rock to become groundwater

18. Water moving through the soil Water running across the Earth’s surface Water stored in underground aquifers Some surface runoff evaporated the rest will infiltrate or flow down watercourses such as rivers Water evaporated from plants through the leaves Solar energy converts liquid water into water vapour to be stored as clouds Water returning to the cycle usually as rain Water stored as water vapour

19. Interactives http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/educ ation/int/geog/rivers/flash/home.swf http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/educ ation/int/geog/rivers/flash/home.swf http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/educ ation/int/geog/rivers/flash/home.swf http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/educ ation/int/geog/rivers/flash/home.swf

21. 1. Evapotranspiration or transpiration 1. Evapotranspiration or transpiration 2. Condensation; 3. Precipitation; 2. Condensation; 3. Precipitation; 4. Infiltration; 4. Infiltration; 5. Throughflow or percolation 5. Throughflow or percolation 6. Runoff; 6. Runoff; 7. Groundwater flow 7. Groundwater flow 8. Evaporation 8. Evaporation

28. http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/ 2008/09/29/2376660.htm Orange to harvest stormwater http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/ 2008/09/29/2376660.htm Orange to harvest stormwater http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/ 2008/09/29/2376660.htm http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/ 2008/09/29/2376660.htm

29. Q) Explain why the hydrological cycle is a closed system [2marks] Q) Describe and explain how water is returned to the atmosphere [3marks]

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