1. PHRASES Absolute Phrase: Definition Function For example Conclusion Prepositional Phrase: Definition Function For example Conclusion

2. The definition of the Absolute Phrase A noun followed by a participle may from a construction grammatically independent of the rest of the sentence. It’s never a subject, nor does it modify any word in the sentence, but it’s used absolutely and independently. > Noun (pronoun)+ [present/ past] participle p.s.—Participle: A verb from that functions as an adjective while retaining some of the characteristics of a verb. We can call verbal. Such as: shining light/ worm coat/ known danger…

3. The Function of the Absolute Phrase 1) 1) Modify the entire sentence. 2) 2) Add information. (Parenthetic elements)

4. Examples 1.Modify the entire sentence. * The boy is very handsome, I decided to date him. 2.To leave out if the participle of an absolute phrase is form of to be. * The car [being] there, we are going to wash it. * The work [ Having been] done, we sat down to rest.

5. 3. Add a focusing detail or point of focus to the idea of the main clause, and this kind of absolute phrase can take the form of a prepositional phrase, and adjective phrase, or an noun phrase. 3. Add a focusing detail or point of focus to the idea of the main clause, and this kind of absolute phrase can take the form of a prepositional phrase, and adjective phrase, or an noun phrase. * The old firefighter stood over the smoking ruins, his senses alert to any sign of another flare-up. * His subordinates, their face sweat- streaked and smudged with ash, leaned heavily against the fire-truck. * They knew all too well how all their hand work could be undone in an instant.

6. 4. Use absolute phrase to be the most important element in the sentence. *Walking along the river, I saw a little boy rowing boat. 5. A noun phrase can also exists as an absolute phrase. The man wounded in the fire was sent to a hospital.

7. Conclusion Absolute phrases contain a subject which is often modified by participle, but not a true finite verb. Absolute phrases contain a subject which is often modified by participle, but not a true finite verb.

8. References 1.Correcting Writing Text Book(p.61) 1.Correcting Writing Text Book(p.61) 2.http://virtual.parkland.cc.il.us/jtorman/phrases 2.http://virtual.parkland.cc.il.us/jtorman/phrases 3.http://leo.stcloudstate.edu/grammar/phrasetor mulas.htm 3.http://leo.stcloudstate.edu/grammar/phrasetor mulas.htm 4.http://ccc.commnet.edu/grammer/phrases.html 4.http://ccc.commnet.edu/grammer/phrases.html 5.http://englishplus.com/grammer/00000019.htm 5.http://englishplus.com/grammer/00000019.htm 6.New Grammar Book 6.New Grammar Book

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