1. IO Group #1: Lorenzo, Alyssa, Divya, Lara, Vianna
Pablo Neruda
IO Group #1: Lorenzo, Alyssa, Divya, Lara, Vianna

2. Goal:

4. Jeopardy Rules:
In your table groups create a team name and then choose a representative
The first representative to stand and raise their hand will get a chance at answering
The only person allowed to talk for the team is the representative
You don’t get deducted points for trying
You get ½ of the points being given if you attempt to answer
Only the first three teams will get a shot at attempting to answer
*Wink wink* If you keep tabs on what you do and don’t know that might be useful for you reflective statement

5. Awards and Recognition
Intro to Pablo Neruda
Background
Awards and Recognition
Literary Movement
Poetry Techniques
100
200
300
400
500

6. Who was Pablo Neruda?
Chilean Poet

7. Pablo Neruda Chilean Poet (1904-1973)
Real Name: Ricardo Eliecer Neftali Reyes
Pen name was inspired by Czech poet Jan Neruda
Wrote poetry regarding the history of South America
Chilean Diplomat and Politician
Won Nobel Prize for Literature 1971

8. What made Pablo Neruda Important?
Politically involved in Latin America and criticized politics within his poems

9. Who is Gabriela Mistral?
Neruda’s teacher

10. Gabriela Mistral Considered the greatest Chilean women writer ever
Both Neruda and Mistral won the Nobel Prize for Literature
Mistral: First Latin-American women to win 1945
Neruda: Won 1971
Considered the greatest Chilean women writer ever
Progressive ideas that pushed traditional society
After becoming a teacher she began to fight for women’s rights
She used a lot of personal events in her poetry and also wrote about Chile and Latin America
A lot of resemblance in the themes used in their writing

11. What was Neruda’s style of poetry?
“Nerudism” // “Nerudismo”
“I am the foremost adversary of Nerudism”

12. Poetic Style:
Neruda’s Poetic Style dependent on the topic and themes within the poem.
In 1924 his volume of poems were written in a surrealistic style:
Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair
Surrealistic Style shown through usage of
Rich Imagery
Surreal Metaphor
Example: “Leaning into the Evenings”
Ocean/Water Imagery
“I cast red signals over your absent eyes / which lap like the sea at the lighthouse shore” (5-6)
Ocean eyes
“Leaning into the evenings I throw my sad nets / to your ocean eyes” (1-2)

13. Poetic Style cont.
Writing style shift when writing Residence on Earth, and Other Poems ( )
Poetry became a lot more direct
Three cycles
First two cycles are introspective and filled with images of alienation
“I wrench hell’s captain from my heart / and lay down sad, equivocating phrases.”
Third cycle: shift to social and political themes
Spoken voice and realistic use of language
Less rhetorical
“Come and see the blood / in the streets!”
“Canto General”

14. How did Neruda’s poetic style change
Went from surrealism and vague diction to direct political commentary

15. What is Pablo Neruda’s real name?
Ricardo Eliecer Neftali Reyes

16. Neruda’s social life and society: Childhood
Born with the name Ricardo Eliecer Neftali Reyes in Chile July 12, 1904
Father: Word on the Railroads. He died in 1938 during a train accident
Mother: A School teacher. She died of tuberculosis when Neruda was 3
Had a good relationship with his stepmother Trinidad Candia
He lived in a forested woodland area (Influenced a lot of his writings)
Family was not rich, but they weren’t poor either (Lower middle class)
He read a lot as a child and had begun to write poetry, but was not a good student
He found LITTLE support in his writing
He adopted the name “Pablo Neruda” as a cover up name
He had submitted a poem to a local magazine without telling his father

17. At what age did Neruda publish his first volume of poems?
Age 19 - Crepúsculario

18. Neruda’s social life and society: Young Adult
Age 16: Was sent to the Institute of Pedagógico, a teaching college.
Majored in French
Still wrote poetry, mostly involved the themes of love and death
1923 (Age 19): Published his first volume of poems: Crepúsculario
1927: Neruda receives a diplomatic job because of his literary contributions
Now he was earning money: could work, but still had time to write
Traveled to places in Asia (Japan, China, India, Sri Lanka)
1933: Went to Spain and met other distinguished poets
Garcia Lorca and Rafael Alberti
Neruda forced to leave when civil war broke out in Spain in 1936

19. What year did Neruda run for senate?
1944

20. Political Involvement
After fleeing the Spanish Civil War, Neruda went to Chile
The was NOT mandated by his government
Announced that Chile supported the Republicans in the Spanish Civil War
Neruda was IN FAVOR of the Republicans
Lost his government job for this
He then went to Paris to raise money to transport war refugees to Chile
Joined the COMMUNIST PARTY
: Secretary to the Chilean embassy in Mexico
: Was a consul to the Chilean embassy in Mexico
1944: Ran for senate and won

21. Political involvement cont.
1947: Wrote letters to newspapers in Venezuela and Mexico charging that the Chilean president had sold Chile to the U.S
Neruda had initially supported the president
Strip of his job status, charged with treason and forced into hiding. He later fled to Mexico
Traveled to Asia, Europe, and the Soviet Union in his exile
He returned to Chile in the mid-1950s
1970: Neruda a communist party nominee for president
He dropped out of the race and supported another up and coming candidate Salvador Allende
: Was the ambassador to France
September 23, 1973: Neruda died of cancer
Days before his death, a coup had been staged and overthrew government and Allende was killed

22. What social class did Neruda come from?
Lower middle class

23. Who did Neruda support after dropping out of the race for president?
Salvador Allende

24. What prize did Neruda win for his poetry?
Nobel Prize for Literature

25. The Nobel Prize Received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1971
For poetry that with the action of elemental force brings alive a continent’s destiny and dreams

26. What way one main theme in Neruda’s Nobel Prize Speech?
The Journey of Life

27. Speech
“I did not learn from books any recipe for writing a poem, and I, in my turn, will avoid giving any advice on mode or style which might give the new poets even a drop of supposed insight.”
“I have always found somewhere the necessary support, the formula which had been waiting for me not in order to be petrified in my words but in order to explain me to myself.”
“There is no insurmountable solitude. All paths lead to the same goal: to convey to others what we are.”
“For this reason no poet has any considerable enemy other than his own incapacity to make himself understood by the most forgotten and exploited of his contemporaries, and this applies to all epochs and in all countries.”
“The poet is not a ‘little god’. “

28. Speech cont.
“But one thing I realized – that it is we ourselves who call forth the spirits through our own myth-making.”
“We force upon ourselves a realism which later proves to be more burdensome than the bricks of the building, without having erected the building which we had regarded as an indispensable part of our task.”
“We must fill with words the most distant places in a dumb continent and we are intoxicated by this task of making fables and giving names.”
“...that the whole future has been expressed in this line by Rimbaud: only with a burning patience can we conquer the splendid City which will give light, justice and dignity to all mankind.”

29. How did society perceive Neruda?
Neruda was the greatest poet of the 20th century in any language

30. Neruda Poetry: Reception
Many of neruda’s poems had a controversial reception because of the themes he used in his writing
“Twenty Love Poems” was controversial due to erotic themes
“Residencia en la tierra” focused on a pessimistic view of humans and existentialism
He included elements of communism in his poems, which was one of the factors that led to his exile
Despite all the controversy, however, Neruda’s poems were also widely lauded by many other writers including Gabriel García Márquez
“the greatest poet of the 20th century in any language”

31. How is Neruda’s poetry perceived today?
Neruda is still perceived as one of the most unique and influential poets of his time

32. Neruda’s Poetry: Modern Day Reception
Neruda’s poems pushed social and political boundaries, and he has now come to be regarded as a prophesier and one of the most unique poets of his time
His poems have grown to have a huge influence in popular culture today

33. What was one reason Neruda was exiled?
He included elements of communism

34. What is the Modernista literary movement?
Movement driven by conscious desire to overturn traditional norms and express new sensibility of their time

35. What era did Neruda publish his work in?
Modernista Era

36. Modernista Literary Movement
Movement driven by conscious desire to overturn traditional norms and express new sensibility of their time (they wanted change).
Movement lead by Ruben Dario, Leopoldo Lugones, and Julio Herrera y Reissig
Was a blend of 3 European Currents: Romanticism, Symbolism, and Parnassianism French Literary Style).
Neruda in Movement:
Wrote most of his poetry during this era (20th century)
Joined communist party, poets more active in politics

37. Joined the communist party
Besides publishing poetry, how else did Neruda play a role in the Modernista Era?
Joined the communist party

38. Who was the Modernista Movement lead by?
Ruben Dario, Leopoldo Lugones, and Julio Herrera y Reissig

39. What three writing styles were prevalent in the Modernista Era?
Romanticism Symbolism Parnassianism French Literary Style

40. What is an ode?
Ode: a lyric poem in the form of an address to a particular subject, often elevated in style or manner and written in varied or irregular meter

41. What was the effect Neruda’s use of odes?
He used odes to talk to ordinary people about ordinary things

42. Neruda’s use of odes
Neruda’s aim was to speak to ordinary people about ordinary things
Neruda looked up to Alexander Pushkin, a famous Russian poet, playwright, and novelist
Neruda didn’t know that Pushkin once wrote that odes were the lowest form of poem because they lacked a “plan” and because mere “rapture” excluded the kind of “tranquility” which was an “indispensable condition of the highest beauty”. Fortunately, Neruda’s odes proved otherwise
Some of his odes were very political, mostly condemning North American military aggression in Korea and United States appropriation of the Chilean copper industry
Some of Neruda’s odes: Ode to Socks, Ode to the Lemon, Ode to the Onion, Ode to Wine

43. But How Do I Write An Ode?
Get emotional, tap into your deep feelings to find inspiration
Select the particular form of ode you would like to use (we will be using the form of the Horatian ode)
Keep in mind that size matters….
Write about what comes naturally to you
Remember that you have the freedom to create and change your ode however you best see fit!
For this exercise particularly, keep the main idea and contents of your ode appropriate :)

44. How did Neruda write in a surrealistic style?
Rich imagery Surreal Metaphors

45. Neruda’s Poetry: Your Turn (to draw)
As you might have noticed in class, Neruda uses a lot of imagery in his poems!
Your task is to pick two lines maximum from the poem on the next page and illustrate them as a table group.
Let’s see if what you picture is what Neruda pictures…  

46. The Poet or they parted for burial
That time when I moved among happenings
or they parted for burial
in the midst of my mournful devotions; that time
their secretest flower in immodesty's garden.
when I cherished a leaflet of quartz,
Estranged to myself, like shadow on water,
at gaze in a lifetime's vocation.
that moves through a corridor's fathoms,
I ranged in the markets of avarice
I sped through the exile of each man's existence,
where goodness is bought for a price, breathed
this way and that, and so, to habitual loathing;
the insensate miasmas of envy, the inhuman
for I saw that their being was this: to stifle
contention of masks and existences.
I endured in the bog-dweller's element; the lily
one half of existence's fullness like fish
that breaks on the water in a sudden
in an alien limit of ocean. And there,
disturbance of bubbles and blossoms, devoured me.
in immensity's mire, I encountered their death;
Whatever the foot sought, the spirit deflected,
Death grazing the barriers,
or sheered toward the fang of the pit. So my poems took being, in travail
Death opening roadways and doorways.
retrieved from the thorn, like a penance,
wrenched by a seizure of hands, out of solitude;

47. Why did Pushkin believe odes were the lower form of poetry?
They lacked a “plan” and “rapture” excluded the kind of “tranquility” which was an “indispensable condition of the highest beauty”

48. How was Neruda’s poetry political?
His poetry condemned North American military aggression in Korea and the United States appropriation of the Chilean copper industry

49. Reflective Statement “How to”
Don’t forget that the whole purpose of a reflective statement is to show how you have developed an understanding of knowledge
Start with what you knew or didn’t know previously and expand on that: What you have learned and/or how it has changed your perspective
Don’t forget to quote people and provide evidence in your statement. And don’t forget quote lead in either.
Example: I knew that Neruda was a Chilean Poet, but I didn’t not know that he traveled and lived in different countries.
Other topics:
Diplomatic and cultural ties to Asia and Europe
Neruda’s Childhood
Anything about how Neruda writes poetry
The Ode and how Neruda uses it
What Neruda writes about: Poet of the people
Neruda and the Nobel prize

50. Works Cited:
Feinstein, Adam M. "Making the Ordinary Extraordinary: Pablo Neruda's Odes.” Words Without Borders. N.p., Web. 01 Nov Guardiola-Rivera, Oscar. "Pablo Neruda's Importance Was as Much Political as Poetic." The Guardian. Guardian News and Media Limited, 10` Apr Web. 1 Nov “Pablo Neruda.” World History. The Modern Era. ABC-CLIO, Web. 29 Oct "Pablo Neruda by Neftalí Ricardo Reyes Basoalto Essay - Critical Essays - ENotes.com." Enotes.com. Enotes.com, n.d. Web. 03 Nov < neruda /critical-essays>. "Neruda's Participation in Modernism." Pablo Neruda. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Nov Villa, Laura. "Chile." Making Poetry out of Politics: Gabriela Mistral and Pablo Neruda. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Nov < south-america/chile/articles/making-poetry-out-of-politics- gabriela-mistral-and-pablo-neruda/>.