1. COMMUNITY INTERVENTIONS 2 3 rd December 2014

2. 1. Icebreaker: Story Telling 2. Reviewing last week’s topic 3. Course overview 4. How Groups Work 5. Facilitation Skills 1 6. Break 7. Icebreaker 8. Facilitation Skills 2 9. Value 1: What does “non-judgemental” mean? 10. Signatures for ethical research 11. Mini assignment Today’s Class

3. Icebreaker  Write down what we did in this game

4. Review of Last Week’s Class

5. Overview of Course  See handouts

6. Groups  Important part of community intervention work  Behaviour in Groups  Group theory

7. Behaviour in Groups: Activity  Explanation about different types of behaviour  Please choose one which you feel is your strongest  Join others of your “type” and discuss:  “What is helpful about this type of behaviour in a group and in what way is it unhelpful?”  Bring your list back to group  Go back to your group and write up questions you would like to ask the other groups about any aspect of their behaviour they find hard to understand.  Questions and answers time  Imagine if we were all just one “type”!

9. Different personality types make a strong group

10. Triangle of Task, Process and Relationship Task Process Relationship

11. Task, Process, Relationship  Task: group have a goal or purpose. Accomplishing the task and achieving the goal gives people a feeling of achievement and success.  Process: how the task gets done. Are the stages well managed? Does the plan match the task? Could it be done in a simpler way? Are time and materials needed? How are people included?  Relationships: Does everyone feel they are included and valued? Do people trust and support one another?

12. Three Needs in a Group Task IndividualGroup

13. Task, Group, Individual  Task: what the group is working on or talking about. One need a group has is to accomplish the task.  Group: is made up of people and how they relate is important. Time is needed to develop and maintain good working relationships. If group neglects need for maintenance time it will not functions well.  Individual: each individual brings their own needs along with them. People join groups for different reasons and these need to be respected too.

14. Notice what is happening above and below the surface Task IndividualGroup  Task gets a lot of attention because it is most obvious  All three needs must be balanced carefully

15. Bruce Tuckman

16. Forming  Group is initially coming together.  Period is characterized by shyness, and uncertainty among members.  Extraverted outspoken members may rapidly assume some kind of leadership role.  Maintenance concerns are predominating.  Why are we here? What are we doing?  What is our goal, our purpose?  Awareness, Inclusion.

17. Storming  Once established - period of vying for positions and roles within the group.  Some seek out and compete for status, control, authority and influence.  Inner conflict. A period of "testing-out" the leaders.  Disagreements and arguments arise, are fuelled and manufactured.  In the end, roles are eventually allocated.  The initial leaders may not survive this period: it is the most uncomfortable phase of the groups life - akin to adolescence.

18. Norming  Internal group structure now sorted, Group Identity takes shape.  What kind of behaviours & contributions are acceptable and normalized within the group? What is frown upon, not tolerated?  Formation of - Implicit & Explicit Group Norms.  Norms create structure What do we stand for?  Group can readily slip back into Storming stage.  Cooperation.  Cohesion.

19. Performing  Work and progress commences on the basis of a relatively stable group structure.  Moving in unison, towards goals and completion.  Action, Results.  Productivity.  Team cohesion and identity.

20. Adjourning  Completion and disengagement.  Separation and ending from tasks and members.  Pride and accomplishment may be felt.  Some describe stage as "Deforming and Mourning" - recognizing the sense of loss felt by group members.

21. http://wheatoncollege.edu/sail/leadership/student-involvement- handbook/strengthening-group/leadership-teambuilding/

22. Facilitation – What is it? Experiences of being facilitated? What facilitation is not Facilitation Skills 1

23. What is “Facilitation” - Activity  Spend five minutes talking in pairs  Brainstorm all the words and ideas that come to you when you think of the word “Facilitation”  Bring these back to the group