1. Reading by the Rules Picture Prompts

2. Group 1 Sounds Cognate Pairs b/p b/p d/t d/t v/f v/f g/k g/k z/s z/s j/ch j/ch th/th th/th

3. b /b/ The noisy sound is made by popping your lips. /b/ The noisy sound is made by popping your lips.

4. p /p/ The quiet sound is made by popping your lips. /p/ The quiet sound is made by popping your lips.

5. d / d/ The noisy sound is made by the tip of your tongue tap dancing. / d/ The noisy sound is made by the tip of your tongue tap dancing.

6. t /t/ The quiet sound is made by the tip of your tongue tap dancing. /t/ The quiet sound is made by the tip of your tongue tap dancing.

7. v /v/ The noisy sound is made with your front teeth and bottom lip (show front teeth). /v/ The noisy sound is made with your front teeth and bottom lip (show front teeth).

8. f /f/ The quiet sound is made with your front teeth and bottom lip (Show front teeth). /f/ The quiet sound is made with your front teeth and bottom lip (Show front teeth).

9. g /g/ The noisy sound is made by drinking his medicine (sore throat) -use hand motion. /g/ The noisy sound is made by drinking his medicine (sore throat) -use hand motion.

10. k /k/ The quiet sound is made by coughing (sore throat)- use hand motion (hand touching throat). /k/ The quiet sound is made by coughing (sore throat)- use hand motion (hand touching throat).

11. z /z/ The noisy sound is made by the buzzing sound of bees (use hand motion). /z/ The noisy sound is made by the buzzing sound of bees (use hand motion).

12. s /s/ The quiet sound that slithers like a snake (use hand motion). /s/ The quiet sound that slithers like a snake (use hand motion).

13. j /j/ The noisy sound is made by the kid who is jumping rope (hands pretending to jump rope). /j/ The noisy sound is made by the kid who is jumping rope (hands pretending to jump rope).

14. ch /ch/ The quiet sound is made by the ‘pushing of a train’ to the station. Use hand motion (two hands pushing outwards). /ch/ The quiet sound is made by the ‘pushing of a train’ to the station. Use hand motion (two hands pushing outwards).

15. th /th/The noisy sound is made when you noisily stick your tongue out at me. /th/The noisy sound is made when you noisily stick your tongue out at me.

16. th /th/The quiet sound is made when you quietly stick your tongue out at me. /th/The quiet sound is made when you quietly stick your tongue out at me.

17. Group 2 Sounds Consonants Sh Sh m/n m/n w/wh/h w/wh/h r l qu qu x y c g ck ck

18. sh /sh/ This is the quietest of all the sounds. This sound goes around telling all the other letters to be quiet. (Use hand movement- index finger to the lips.) /sh/ This is the quietest of all the sounds. This sound goes around telling all the other letters to be quiet. (Use hand movement- index finger to the lips.)

19. m /m/ The lips are closed. This sound is made with air coming through the nose. /m/ The lips are closed. This sound is made with air coming through the nose.

20. n /n/ This is the same story as /m/ but this time your mouth is open. /n/ This is the same story as /m/ but this time your mouth is open.

21. w /w/ Wind is blowing the hat away. /w/ Wind is blowing the hat away.

22. wh /wh/ Same as /w/ but the /h/ is so nervous it doesn’t say a sound. /wh/ Same as /w/ but the /h/ is so nervous it doesn’t say a sound.

23. h /h/ The tired student is slouching on a chair and exhaling. /h/ The tired student is slouching on a chair and exhaling.

24. r /r/ The dog is growling, ‘rrrr’. /r/ The dog is growling, ‘rrrr’.

25. l /l/ The boy is licking a candy cane and when he licks, he says /l/.(When licking the candy, his tongue stays up.) /l/ The boy is licking a candy cane and when he licks, he says /l/.(When licking the candy, his tongue stays up.)

26. qu /qu/ This is a baby duck who can only say /kw/ instead of quack. The baby duck is so small she must always go with her babysitter, u. /qu/ This is a baby duck who can only say /kw/ instead of quack. The baby duck is so small she must always go with her babysitter, u.

27. x /x/ X does not have his own sound so /k/ and /s/ join together to make a sound for x. /x/ X does not have his own sound so /k/ and /s/ join together to make a sound for x.

28. y /y/ This sound says /y/ as in yoyo. /y/ This sound says /y/ as in yoyo.

29. c Sometimes c acts like a snake and goes /s/. Sometimes c acts like a snake and goes /s/.

30. c /c/ Sometimes c is sick and coughs like /k/. /c/ Sometimes c is sick and coughs like /k/.

31. g Sometimes g likes to jump rope and goes /j/. Sometimes g likes to jump rope and goes /j/.

32. ck /ck/ When c is at the end of a small word he gets lonely so he invites his friend k and they make the same sound together /ck/. /ck/ When c is at the end of a small word he gets lonely so he invites his friend k and they make the same sound together /ck/.

33. Group 3 Sounds- Long walk and short walk vowels a e i o u

34. a /a/ I’m going to take a big juicy bite of the apple. Act out taking a big bite of an apple (open mouth) in order to elicit the /a/ sound. /a/ I’m going to take a big juicy bite of the apple. Act out taking a big bite of an apple (open mouth) in order to elicit the /a/ sound.

35. i /i/This student loved his long hair but hated to wash it. Day after day it got dirtier, slimier, and smellier until one day he touched his hair and said, “ick!” I showed him how to ‘clip’ the sound and just say /i/. /i/This student loved his long hair but hated to wash it. Day after day it got dirtier, slimier, and smellier until one day he touched his hair and said, “ick!” I showed him how to ‘clip’ the sound and just say /i/. Until this day everyone remembers /i/ from the little boy with the long hair. Students then draw on the hair on the letter i. Until this day everyone remembers /i/ from the little boy with the long hair. Students then draw on the hair on the letter i.

36. e /e/ “Ed” is a fisherman who always wears his lucky cap. The children look for the cap to assist them in identifying the /e/ sound. Clip the sound and say /e/. /e/ “Ed” is a fisherman who always wears his lucky cap. The children look for the cap to assist them in identifying the /e/ sound. Clip the sound and say /e/.

37. u /u/ The student puts his hands up and makes the u shape when he ‘clips’ the up word. /u/ The student puts his hands up and makes the u shape when he ‘clips’ the up word.

38. o /o/ When this student goes to the doctor, the doctor says, “Open your mouth and say /o/.” (Make sure students’ mouths are elongated to get the correct sound). /o/ When this student goes to the doctor, the doctor says, “Open your mouth and say /o/.” (Make sure students’ mouths are elongated to get the correct sound).

39. Long Walk Vowels

40. Group 4 Sounds - Sneaky e Let me tell you about a student I knew. He was a new student to the school, and I was a new teacher, so I thought if I put him at the end of the line he could watch his vowel partner and learn the school rules. Unfortunately, sneaky-e got so upset about being at the end of the line that he kicked his vowel partner then got back in line without ever being seen or heard by the teacher. His vowel partner was so surprised that he said his own name outloud. When I turned around and asked, “What did this line say?” Everyone spoke up except for sneaky-e. Sneaky-e was so sneaky that he did not say a sound. Let me tell you about a student I knew. He was a new student to the school, and I was a new teacher, so I thought if I put him at the end of the line he could watch his vowel partner and learn the school rules. Unfortunately, sneaky-e got so upset about being at the end of the line that he kicked his vowel partner then got back in line without ever being seen or heard by the teacher. His vowel partner was so surprised that he said his own name outloud. When I turned around and asked, “What did this line say?” Everyone spoke up except for sneaky-e. Sneaky-e was so sneaky that he did not say a sound.

41. ae

42. ee

43. ie

44. oe

45. ue

46. ue

47. Group 5-Bossy r With this syllable/word type, the vowels get bossed around by bossy r. When r stands behind a vowel he whispers in their ear to say a different sound (except when sneaky-e is there, sneaky-e is stronger and bossy r just says his sound). r is a bit of a bully. With this syllable/word type, the vowels get bossed around by bossy r. When r stands behind a vowel he whispers in their ear to say a different sound (except when sneaky-e is there, sneaky-e is stronger and bossy r just says his sound). r is a bit of a bully. r says to /a/, “Don’t say /a/, say /ar/ with me.” r says to /o/, “Don’t say /o/, say /or/ with me.” r says to /i/, /e/, and /u/, “Don’t say /i/, /e/ or /u/, say /ur-ir-er/ with me.”

48. ar /ar/ Identify the picture (arm). Clip the /m/ sound and say /ar/. /ar/ Identify the picture (arm). Clip the /m/ sound and say /ar/.

49. or /or/ Identify the picture (door). Clip the /d/ sound and use /or/. /or/ Identify the picture (door). Clip the /d/ sound and use /or/.

50. ir,er,ur /er/ /ir/ /ur/ What do you say when you are very cold in an igloo? /er/ /ir/ /ur/ What do you say when you are very cold in an igloo?

51. Group 6-Chained Vowels These vowels are chained (stuck together). Some have pictures to help remember their sounds (oy, oi, aw, au, oo, ou, ow, ew). If they don’t have a picture, just use the rule, “When 2 vowels go walking the first one does the talking (ay, oa, ai).” These vowels are chained (stuck together). Some have pictures to help remember their sounds (oy, oi, aw, au, oo, ou, ow, ew). If they don’t have a picture, just use the rule, “When 2 vowels go walking the first one does the talking (ay, oa, ai).”

52. au /au/ and /aw/ So what do you say when you see the baby? You say, /au/ or /aw/. /au/ and /aw/ So what do you say when you see the baby? You say, /au/ or /aw/. Identify the picture (baby with bonnet-the line part of the letter a is the ribbon to the bonnet).

53. oi /oi/ and /oy/ Identify the picture. The boy misses the ball and says, /oi/. /oi/ and /oy/ Identify the picture. The boy misses the ball and says, /oi/.

54. oo /oo/ Identify the picture. What does the ghost say? /oo/ /oo/ Identify the picture. What does the ghost say? /oo/

55. ou /ou/ and /ow/ Identify the picture (o and u are pinching each other) so they say /ou/ or /ow/. /ou/ and /ow/ Identify the picture (o and u are pinching each other) so they say /ou/ or /ow/.

56. Chained Vowels When two vowels go walking, the first one does the talking. When two vowels go walking, the first one does the talking. ai-ay-oa-ee ai-ay-oa-ee

58. Outline Vowels