1. Agenda for 2-13 Complete Short Answer Questions on Unit 6 Review Pollinate Plants and Check on Flies Classification PowerPoint Cladogram Construction and Review of PPT Due tomorrow- Guided Reading Ch. 25 Due Friday – Survival of the Sickest – iPOD Chapter / Quiz on Gene Expression

2. Classification AP Biology

3. Classification Carolus Linnaeus (1700’s) –Binomial nomenclature –Genus species Robert Whittaker (1969) –5 Kingdom system –Kingdoms ….. Monera Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia

4. Re-Classifying Life Molecular Data (DNA) challenges the five- kingdom system Monera (bacteria) are too diverse to be grouped together –2 distinct groups/lineages of prokaryotes Protists are also too diverse Work in progress

5. Re-classifying Life Continued Five Kingdom System  shape & structure Three Domain System  genomic similarities

6. Three Domain Classification Three Domains/Super Kingdoms –Bacteria  prokaryotic –Archaea  prokaryotic Extreme bacteria –Thermoacidophiles, methanogenic, halophiles –Eukarya Eukaryotes ***Fill in page 1 on Domains

8. Classification Grouping organisms into categories (taxa) based on their similarities Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus species

9. Scientific Names Developed by Carolus Linnaeus Uses genus and species Capitalize genus Underline both Homo sapien Homo sapien sapien Homo sapien Homo sapien sapien

10. Complete Classification of Humans Domain – Eukarya Kingdom – Animalia Phylum – Chordata –Subphylum- Vertebrata Class - Mammalia Order - Primate Family - Hominidae Genus - Homo Species - sapiens

11. Classification Criteria Comparative Anatomy – homologous structures, embryology Molecular Systematics – –Amino acid sequences are compared. More amino acids in common means the closer the evolutionary relationship. –More modern methods include DNA-DNA hybridization, where the nucleotide sequences of two different organisms are compared. –Restriction mapping of RFLPs to compare mitochondrial DNA.

12. Classification Criteria, cont. Reproductive (species concept) Behavioral Analysis Phylogeny

13. The evolutionary history of an organism Phylogentic tree

14. Cladograms Phylogenetic diagram based on cladisitics What is cladistics? Analyzing evolutionary relationships b/w groups to form a family tree Clade  branch in a cladogram

15. Classification based on Visible Similarities Cladogram AppendagesConical ShellsCrustaceans Mollusk

16. Cladogram Development

17. Cladogram

18. Draw a Cladogram Using the Data Below

19. Dichotomous Key