2. 150016001700 1800 1492: Columbus arrived 1535: Diego de Almagro went to Chile 1541: Pedro de Valdivia founded Santiago 1600-1800: Colonial Period

4.  Conquista- Part 3 ALL

6.  After the attack on Santiago, the city was rebuilt. But it was very difficult. The Spanish needed more men and materials.  Valdivia sent Alonso de Monroy to Peru to convince the Spanish to send help.  In 1543, more Spanish arrived with food, clothing, weapons, etc. This saved the city of Santiago.

8.  In 1544 Pedro de Valdivia send Juan de Bohon to the north. Bohon founded La Serena.

9.  This was a fort of the natives in San Pedro de Atacama Francisco de Aguirre arrived to conquer the natives After conquering the natives, Francisco took 300 natives to this fort and cut off their heads

13.  In 1544 Pedro de Valdivia sent Juan de Bohon to the north. Bohon founded La Serena.  Pedro de Valdivia returned to Peru in 1547 to get more men.  Valdivia started conquering SOUTH in 1550. He wanted to conquer until the Straight of Magallanes.

15.  Pedro de Valdivia returned to Peru in 1547 to get more men.  Valdivia started conquering SOUTH in 1550. He wanted to conquer until the Straight of Magallanes.  Between 1550-1553 Valdivia founded Concepcion, Valdivia, Villarica, La Imperial and a few forts for protection.  The Mapuche resist the Spanish. This is the beginning of the “Guerra de Arauco” between Chileans and Mapuche. This war lasted 300 years.

17.  Conquista: Part 4 3:25-5:00 6:05-7:00

19. -Lautaro (“Felipe”) lived with the Spanish most of his life in Santiago. He “helped” the Spanish, and worked for Pedro de Valdivia. -But Lautaro was a spy. -He learned everything he could about the Spanish (how the fought, their weaknesses) -He left the Spanish around 1553 and became a Mapuche leader. -He was one of the best Mapuche leaders.

20.  Conquista: Part 4 7:00 to end

22.  Lautaro led a Mapuche attack on the Tucapel fort in 1553.  Most of the Spanish in the fort were killed.  The Mapuche captured Valdivia.  Lautaro killed Pedro de Valdivia, put his head on a stick and took out his heart.

23.  Conquista: Part 5 0:45-3:15 ****  4:20-6:20

26.  Conquista- part 4 (from beginning to 1:30)

28. After Pedro de Valdivia died, other Spanish continued constructing cities and conquering territory.

29.  After many generations, people began to live normal life in the cities.  The Mapuche were still a threat, but they were mostly confined to the south of Chile.  The men that came with Pedro had children.  More people came from Spain and had children.  Many men/women from Spain had children with the natives of Chile  People began to have normal jobs (making clothing, candles, food, etc)

30. The colony was between 1600-1800 The colony of Chile was controlled by Spain. The colony sent things to Spain (wheat, corn, copper, wood) Spain was a rich country because it had many colonies that sent nice things

31.  The king of Spain sent a Viceroy (Virrey) to the colony to be in charge.  Spain made most of the laws for the colony to follow  Other institutions were created in Spain and Chile to control the colony

34.  Part 1 Colonia 1:30-2:30

35.  The king of Spain gave land in Chile to the men who helped in the conquest of Chile. This man was a “Encomendero”  -The governor gave natives to each encomendero -The natives worked for NO money -The encomendero had to give food, clothing, religion, and housing to natives

36.  Many natives died in the mines  Many got infections and illnesses/viruses  Because so many natives died, the Spanish brought African slaves to work the land

37.  Was it necessary?  Was it abuse?  Was it slavery?  Could we use the encomienda system today?  What would YOU think if you were a native in the encomienda system?

38.  Chile made leather, wheat, dry fruit, wine, copper, wood, and furniture.  Chile was ONLY allowed to trade with Spain and the other Spanish colonies  When a colony can ONLY trade with some places, it is called a MONOPOLY

39.  There were many different types of people that lived in the colonies: -people that came from Spain -people who had parents that came from Spain, but they were born in Chile -natives -blacks from Africa -people that had one parent that was Spanish and one that was a native

40. 1)What is a “mestizo?” 2) What is a criollo? 3) What people were in the upper class (parte alto)? Explain about this group 4) What people were in the middle class (estrato de medio)? Explain about this group. 5) What people were in the lower class (nivel mas bajo)? Explain about this group.

41.  www.icarito.cl www.icarito.cl  Search “Sociedad colonial”

42.  Part 1 Colony 2:30-3:40  9:00-9:45

43. White skin Spanish Criollos Mid color skin Poor Spanish Mestizos Dark skin Natives Blacks

44. Class levelGroups in this class DescriptionJobs Upper classSpanish Criollos Middle ClassMestizos Poor Spanish Lower ClassNatives Blacks

45. -Spanish: born in Spain and came to live in Chile -Criollos: born in Chile, but both of their parents were Spanish -Spanish had MORE power than criollos -this was the smallest class -they owned land, had power in government -WHITE skin

48.  Mestizos: one parent was Spanish and the other parent was a native.  Had jobs such as vendors, artesania, writers, etc.  Skin color was darker

50.  Natives: both parents were natives and had always lived in Chile  Blacks: slaves brought from Africa to work in the hardest and most dangerous jobs  Worked on the farms of the encomenderos  Had no power or money  DARK skin (or black skin)

52.  If a person had white skin = upper class

53.  If a person had skin color between white and dark = middle class

54.  If a person had dark skin = lower class

55.  Mestizo woman  Spanish man

56.  Native woman  Spanish man

57.  Skin color was important in EVERY colony