1. 1 Biomass Cogeneration - Introduction Stephen Karekezi, AFREPREN/FWD Nairobi, Kenya

2. 2  Successful in sale of power to grid  Accounts for close to 40% of 725MW national generation capacity (of which 25% is from bagasse)  Began with smaller installations (1.5MW - 5MW) recently installed an 82MW plant Cogeneration in Mauritius Others Sugar Industry Power Generation – Mauritius 2007

3. 3 Cogeneration in Mauritius Cogeneration attractive as it offers alternative revenue stream to Mauritius key economic sector – sugar industry Power sales revenue for some sugar millers recently exceeded that from sugar Diversified sources of power thus providing protection against unstable & high oil price increases as well as drought induced hydro-power crises

4. 4 Eskom, South Africa Cogen Initiative 5000MW Call - Expression of Interest (EOI) Initial Target 900MW Offered a standard PPA & feed-in tariff to be based on avoided cost of thermal power units Overwhelming response – 2000MW+ EOI received midway 5000MW EOIs received by end of September – approx. 10% of South Africa’s current installed capacity 5000MW > East Africa’s entire installed power generation capacity

5. 5 Cogeneration in Sugar Industries Attractive Option in the Region CountryCogeneration potential at 150kWh/tonne (MW) % of current installed capacity Kenya159.214 Ethiopia32.44 Tanzania102.611 Sudan1621 Malawi59.224 Swaziland194.0145 Uganda48.315

6. 6 Feed-in Tariff: Key Factor for Success Feed-in tariffs in place in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania, with the most attractive rates in Kenya and Tanzania Partly linked to power crises faced in the region Feed-in tariff for cogeneration comparative to Mauritius tariff of 9-11 US cents

7. 7 Opportunities for Cogeneration in the tea industry Cogeneration not widely practiced in Tea industry but has significant potential Tea factories already have forest plantations in place which are used to provide heating requirement Cogeneration can eliminate electricity costs that can account for a significant proportion of costs