1. Jiang Lab Role Gene expression profiling of key potato biology (polyploidy, tuberization, late blight resistance) Provide services to the project for potato transformation and greenhouse late blight resistance evaluation

2. Gene Expression Profiling Progress –Polyploidy (20 Arrays) 12 arrays completed on leaflets 8 arrays completed on root tips Comparative profiling using cDNA-AFLP –Tuberization (22 Arrays) 10 arrays completed on in vitro tuber development 12 arrays completed on in vivo tuber development Patatin gene family expression profiling –Late blight resistance (24 arrays) 24 arrays completed on transgenic RB lines

3. Transformation and Resistance Evaluation Potato Transformation Transgenic RB lines in Russet Burbank, Superior, Dark Red Norland Constructs from the Baker lab (VF36 with GSS-4 and GSS-5) Five constructs from the Jahn lab RNAi constructs for RPR and SGT, Two RB-tagging lines Late Blight Resistance Evaluation 635 clones, 2163 plants, in 29 inoculation experiments

4. Publications from Jiang Lab Colton, L.M., Groza, H.I., Wielgus, S.M., and Jiang, J. (2006) Marker-assisted selection for the broad-spectrum potato late blight resistance conferred by gene RB derived from a wild potato species. Crop Sci. 46: 589-594. Stupar, R.M., Beaubien, K.A., Jin, W., Song, J., Lee, M.-K., Wu, C., Zhang, H.-B., Han, B. and Jiang, J. (2006) Structural diversity and differential transcription of the patatin multicopy gene family during potato tuber development. Genetics (February issue) Stupar et al. (2006) Phenotypic and gene expression changes associated with autopolyploidization. To be submitted to Plant Cell within ~2 months.

5. Ploidy and Gene Expression

6. Potato Autopolyploidy series Wild diploid: AA (24 chromo.; Heterozygous) Anther culture: A (12 chromo.) Leaf disc: AA AAAA (24 chromo.) (48 chromo.) Homozygous Homozygous

7. 1x2xR3 2xR54x Series P77

8. 1x 2xR5 2xR3 4x

9. M 1x 2xR3 2xR5 4x T B 1x 2xR3 2xR5 4x T B M P77 Monomorphism

10. 1x 2xR3 2xR5 4x

11. 1x 2xR3 2xR5 4x 1x 2xR3 2xR5 4x 1x 2xR3 2xR5 4x Biological Rep 1Biological Rep2 Biological Rep3 Array experimental design

12. Ploidy Ploidy- Downregulated Log (2) Expression Profiles AB Ploidy- Upregulated Log (2) Expression Profiles 4x-1x; 2x-1x; 4x-2x 10 genes 4x-1x 135 genes 4x-1x; 2x-1x 248 genes 4x-1x; 4x-2x 22 genes 2 genes 1x-4x; 1x-2x; 2x-4x 23 genes 1x-4x; 2x-4x 127 genes 1x-4x; 1x-2x 155 genes 1x-4x

13. Leaf ploidy array summary ~10% of all genes showed significant expression changes over ploidy levels ~50% of ribosomal protein genes showed significant expression changes over ploidy levels ~75% of histone genes showed significant expression changes over ploidy levels

14. Ploidy: 1 2 4 1 2 4 1 2 4 1 2 4 1 2 4 1 2 4 1 2 4 1 2 4 1 2 4 1 2 4 1 2 4 1 2 4 Fold Change 321321 JM09 CZ25 CF69 IR76 CenH3 EW61 GF62 IO91 IZ46 DE81 CV58 IS17 Ribosomal protein genes Histone genes Cyclin Downregulated Real-time PCR on selected genes

15. Conclusions Ploidy affects plant growth rates and cell size Gene families that change with ploidy –Ribosomal protein genes, histones, cyclins Important for “cellular infrastructure” “Ploidy genes” are context-dependent Autopolyploid vs. Allopolyploid –We find much more subtle expression changes in autopolyploids than in allopolyploids

16. RB-Associated Gene Expression 10 arrays were completed in 2005 to test the timing of transcriptome changes after late blight inoculation 24 arrays completed in the last three weeks for final profiling

17. The late blight resistance phenotypes of two transgenic Katahdin lines under an intensive inoculation conditions. Left Panel: Left: A transgenic Katahdin clone containing a single copy of the RB gene; Middle: S. bulbocastanum clone PT29; Right: Katahdin control. The transgenic Katahdin plant, which is resistant to late blight under regular inoculation condition, shows a susceptible phenotype. Right Panel: Left: A transgenic Katahdin clone containing multiple copies of the RB gene; Middle: S. bulbocastanum clone PT29; Right: Katahdin control. In Southern hybridization, DNA from the transgenic plants was cut with HindIII (left lane) and EcoR1 (right lane) and hybridized with a vector probe “Super-resistant” transgenic RB clone

18. Schematic of RNA pooling and microarray hybridization : Four identical plants from each of the three Katahdin plants (control Katahdin, Katahdin containing one RB gene, Katahdin containing multiple copies of RB gene) are sampled under each of the three time points (2, 5, and 10 hours after inoculation). Eight RNA samples will be isolated from these four plants. Challenged and unchallenged RNA samples from two plants will be pooled, amplified and labeled. The challenged aRNA from the first pair of plants is labeled with Cy5 and the unchallenged aRNA labeled with Cy3. Alternately, the challenged aRNA in the second pair of plants is labeled with Cy3 and the unchallenged with Cy5. Both labeled samples are mixed from each pair of plants and hybridized to the array. This procedure creates a dye-swap with two biological replicates.

19. (A) Filtered data from Preliminary Array Experiment 1 is shown colored by the normalized intensity ratio (log transformed) along the vertical axis. The horizontal axis represents gene expression occurring 5, 15 and 25 hours post inoculation. (B) Filtered data from Preliminary Array Experiment 2 is shown colored by the normalized intensity ratio (log transformed) along the vertical axis. The horizontal axis represents gene expression occurring 2, 5 and 10 hours post inoculation

20. Coming soon: Final results on gene expression profiling on RB- mediated late blight resistance pathway

21. Acknowledgments Richard VeilleuxRobin Buell Amy Hart Willem Rensink Brian YandellNational Science Foundation