1. Chunyan Shao (Shandong University)

2.  Learn to think critically

3.  “ Critical ” in Latin means “ to separate, to choose, to judge ”  Critical thinking is a very complex mental process undertaken to deal with complex social, cultural, historical and academic issues.  It is essential to good writing because,muddy thinking can only result in poor writing.

4.  Critical thinking is a type of reasonable, reflective thinking that is aimed at deciding what to believe or what to do.  " includes a commitment to using reason in the formulation of our beliefs“  --Mulnix, J. W. (2010). Thinking critically about critical thinking. Educational Philosophy and Theory. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-5812.2010.00673.x., p. 471

5.  "the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action“  --Scriven, M., and Paul, R.W., Critical Thinking as Defined by the National Council for Excellence in Critical Thinking (1987)

6.  Edison Chen, pictures, Hongkong  Kehua Zhou, the sniper, Chongqing  Car accident, Mr. Hou, the driver, Shenzhen  Voice of China

7.  Suppose you are a delegate of National People ’ s Congress, how would you vote if a bill concerning the following issue comes up for decision?  One-child policy should be changed?

8.  Writing to facilitate critical thinking  --to compare weakness and strength  --to discover advantages and disadvantages  --to reveal truth or fact  Logical reasoning to facilitate critical thinking  --to think in a serious way  --to think in a rigorous way  --to think in a thorough and comprehensive way

9.  1. Multi-perspectives: from what angle to think To examine the issue from different angles  2. Analysis: Look into the inside systematically To examine various parts of the issue to see how they are fit together  3. Evaluation: weigh all the factors involved To judge the merit of assumptions made and weighing the evidence offered to support those assumptions

10.  To exclude listening comprehension in English test of College Entrance Examination ? Is the change good?

11.  Free writing, brainstorming, branching and questioning  Free writing: Pro-con list  purpose of the new system  purpose of the old system  advantage of the new system  disadvantage of the new system  advantage of the old  disadvantage of the old

12.  Students  Teachers (High school, University)  Universities  High schools  Future employers  Society  Government  Ministry of Education  Language skills  Expert

13.  What are the components of the problem?  Language skills  Purpose of English learning  Ease of examination  Ignorance of listening  Quality of education

14.  Judge the merit of assumptions made and weighing the evidence offered to support those assumptions.  Will listening really cause a problem in the exam room and outside it?  What other measures can be taken to avoid the problem ensuing from listening?  Can the cancelation of listening solve all the problems once and for all?

15.  Cancelling listening comprehension in the English test of College Entrance Examination is…

16.  The issue between doctors and patients or patients’ families?