1. Astrophysics Missions in ESA’s Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 Program
Fabio Favata
European Space Agency

2. Missions in preparation
Herschel-Planck
2008
Bepi-Colombo
2013
Corot (CNES-ESA) 2006
Lisa-Pathfinder 2009
Gaia
2011
Chandrayan
(ISRO-ESA)
2008
Solar
Orbiter
2015
JWST
(NASA-ESA)
2014
Microscope
(CNES-ESA)
2009
2007
2008
2010
2012
2006
2013
2005
2009
2011
2014
2015
2016
2017

3. ESA’s new long term plan for space science
COSMIC VISION

4. Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 process
Call for Science Themes in Spring 2004
Responses analyzed by ESA’s advisory structure in July 2004
Workshop with community in Paris in September 2004 (400 participants)
Spring 2005 the Cosmic Vision Plan was presented to the community
Plan should cover one decade, with 3 Calls for Missions planned

5. Cosmic Vision process First “Call for Missions” issued in 1st Q 2007
50 proposals received by June 2007 deadline
Selection process by scientific community during summer
Final recommendation in October 2007

6. The ESA program is chosen by the Scientific Community…..
Solar System Working Group
Fundamental Physics Advisory Group
Astronomy Working Group
Space Science Advisory Committee
Membership of advisory bodies is determined by individual scientific standing
Member States
ESF
Space Science Committee
X-member
ESA Executive DG, D/Sci
Advice
(implementation)
Science Programme Committee
Recommendations
(resource)
European Science Community

7. Cosmic vision process for 1st slice
2 launch opportunities, for 2017/2018
Currently planning 1 M (2017) plus 1 L (2018) mission
L cap ca. 650 M€, M cap ca. 300 M€ ESA cost
P/L funded separately by ESA member states
Other mixes of mission sizes possible

8. Cosmic Vision process for 1st slice
Mission concepts have been selected for assessment studies
Further down-selection is planned in 2009 and 2011
Assessment studies starting now, to mid 2009
Emphasize that all missions presented here are thus candidate for a launch, but yet to be adopted in the program. Competition will last until 2011

9. Selected concepts for the first slice of the Cosmic Vision program
L mission concepts
Xeus (large collecting area X-ray observatory)
Laplace/Tandem (mission to the outer planets)
LISA (ex officio, gravitational wave observatory)
All of them are proposed to ESA as international collaborations
Even though LISA is an astrophysics mission, I will not discuss it further -- it’s already discussed in detail elsewhere in this workshop

10. Selected concepts for the first slice of the Cosmic Vision program
M mission concepts
Plato (planetary transits and asteroseismology)
Dark Energy (Space and Dune)
Marco Polo (NEO sample return)
Cross Scale (magnetospheric physics)
Missions of opportunity
Spica (contribution to JAXA MIR observatory)

11. XEUS: Scientific objectives
A large collecting area X-ray observatory
Some key scientific drivers
Evolution of Large Scale Structure and Nucleosynthesis
Coeval Growth of Galaxies and Supermassive Black Holes
Matter under Extreme Conditions
Z= 0
Z= 2

12. XEUS: top level requirements
To be used as drivers for the Assessment phase
5 1 keV, 2 Fe K
keV band (XMM/Chandra-like)
 5 arcsec spatial resolution (2 arcsec goal)
Wide field imaging ( 7 arcmin, R  50)
High-res, non-dispersive spectroscopy ( 0.6 arcmin, R  FeK)
Possible options: polarimetry, high time resolution, enhanced hard X-ray response and instrumentation

13. XEUS: proposed mission profile
Formation flying with separate mirror and detector S/C
5 yr operations at L2
International cooperation framework still to be detailed

14. European Dark Energy mission
Dark Energy recognized as highest priority in astronomy for M missions
Two proposals received, both highly ranked
A joint task force is being set up involving both teams and independent experts to advise ESA on the best European-led Dark Energy mission

15. Dark Energy: DUNE concept
Dark Universe Explorer (DUNE)
Wide-field NIR and optical imager
Study Dark Energy through weak gravitational lensing

16. DUNE baseline configuration
1.2 m telescope, 0.23 arcsec PSF (opt)
0.5 sq deg optical imager (RIZ)
0.5 sq deg NIR imager (YJH)
4 year mission to GEO

17. Dark Energy: SPACE concept
Spectroscopic All-Sky Cosmic Explorer (SPACE)
NIR spectra of > 5×108 galaxies to map Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations

18. SPACE baseline configuration
1.5 m telescope, diffraction-limited >0.65 m
R=400 spectra m
4 set of NIR detectors
Optical Telescope Assembly and fore-optics system (four channels).

19. Plato: scientific objectives
Provide the observational data to understand the evolution of stars and their planets
High accuracy photometry of a large sample of relatively bright stars
Transiting terrestrial planets &
Asteroseismology of the planet host

20. Plato: baseline mission
Two configurations to be traded off
“staring” vs. “spinning” concept
Trade-off to be done during study
100 identical
10cm pupil telescopes
3 x 0.72 m2 telescopes

21. SPICA: baseline mission
Space Infrared telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics
JAXA-led mission (see poster)
Coverage of FIR-MIR (5-210 m) with imaging, spectroscopic and coronographic instruments
Two orders of magnitude more sensitive than Herschel in FIR
Higher spectral resolution than JWST in MIR (R=30 000)

22. SPICA: European contribution
ESA will provide:
Cryogenic telescope assembly
European SPICA ground segment
ESI system engineering and management
ESI instrument
FIR imaging spectrometer
Nationally funded, Europe/Canada
ESA managed

23. CV2015: long-term technology development activities
A number of high priority science goals identified with low TRL
Incompatible with programmatics for first CV2015 slice
Will be subject to joint (ESA + national) technology activities, in view of future CV2015 Calls
Prioritization and details of activities to be established later

24. CV2015: long-term technology development activities
Goals in astrophysics for longer-term techhnology include
Detection and characterization of terrestrial exo-planets
Study of B-mode polarization of CMB
Study of ultra-high energy cosmic rays

25. The end