1. 1 Foundations of Human Anatomy and Physiology
Lesson 1.1: The Language of Anatomy & Physiology Lesson 1.2: Basic Physiological Processes Lesson 1.3: How Forces Affect the Body Lesson 1.4: Understanding Science

2. The Language of Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter 1: Foundations of Human Anatomy and Physiology
Lesson 1.1
The Language of Anatomy and Physiology

3. The Language of Anatomy and Physiology
Introducing anatomy and physiology
Describing the human body

4. Introducing Anatomy and Physiology
Human Anatomy
Identify the parts of the human body
Gross human anatomy
Microscopic human anatomy
Human Physiology
How the parts of the human body function

5. Common Directional Terms

6. Describing the Human Body
Anatomical Position
Planes
Sagittal
Right & Left
Frontal
Anterior & Posterior
Transverse
Superior & Inferior

7. Body Planes
Sectional Views
Sagittal Frontal Transverse

8. Body Cavities Posterior Cavities Anterior Cavities Cranial Spinal
Thoracic
Abdominopelvic
Abdominal
Pelvic

9. Basic Physiological Processes
Chapter 1: Foundations of Human Anatomy and Physiology
Lesson 1.2
Basic Physiological Processes

10. Basic Physiological Processes
Structural and functional organization of the body
Homeostasis
Metabolism

11. Structural Organization of the Body
Atoms
Ex: Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon, etc.
Molecules
Ex: Water, Glucose, Proteins, etc.
Cells
Ex: Myocytes, Osteocytes, Neurons, etc.
Tissues
Ex: Epithelial, Skeletal, Cardiac, etc.
Organs
Heart, Lungs, Bones, Brain, etc.
Organ Systems
Respiratory, Circulatory, Nervous, Endocrine, etc.

12. Human Organ Systems

13. Homeostasis Control mechanisms maintain a steady internal environment
Receptor
Receive sensory input
Control center
Spinal cord & brain
Make decision
Effector
Response to stimuli
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14. Homeostasis Negative Feedback Positive Feedback
Conditions exceeding a set limit in one direction trigger a negative reaction in the opposite direction
Ex: Body temperature; Blood pressure; Blood sugar
Positive Feedback
Conditions cause a reaction to accelerate
Ex: Childbirth; Blood clotting

15. Metabolism Anabolism Catabolism
Big molecules made from smaller molecules
Catabolism
Big molecule broken into smaller molecules

16. How Forces Affect the Body
Chapter 1: Foundations of Human Anatomy and Physiology
Lesson 1.3
How Forces Affect the Body

17. How Forces Affect the Body
Basic kinetic concepts
Forces and injury to the human body

18. Basic Kinetic Concepts
Force
Push or pull
Mass & Weight
Mass = amount of matter
Weight = the pull of gravity
Pressure
Force spread over an area

19. Forces and Injury to the Human Body
Tension
Pulling force
Compression
Squeezing force
Shear
Tearing apart force
Torque
Twisting force

20. The Effects of Force Application
Acceleration
Increase in the rate or speed of an object
Deformation
Elastic
Plastic

21. Understanding Science
Chapter 1: Foundations of Human Anatomy and Physiology
Lesson 1.4
Understanding Science

22. Understanding Science
Scientific method
Developing scientific theories
Impact of scientific research

23. Science Creates new knowledge Testable explanations
Testable predictions

24. The Scientific Method Question Hypotheses Experimentation
Collecting the Data
Analyze Data
Interpret Results
Conclusion
Repeat

25. Developing Scientific Theories
Tested through the scientific method
Accurate explanation of some aspect of the natural world

26. Early Greek and Roman Anatomists
Aristotle
Wrote On the Parts of Animals
Galen
Compiled numerous anatomical reports
First to assert that the brain controls muscles

27. Anatomists in the Renaissance
Leonardo da Vinci
The Vitruvian Man
Andreas Vesalius
De Humani Corporis Fabrica (On the Structure of the Human Body)
William Harvey
One of the first accurate descriptions of human physiology
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