1. Diffusion, Osmosis, Cellular Respiration & Photosynthesis

2. Passive Transport Particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. NO ENERGY REQUIRED TO MAKE THIS WORK AKA diffusion

3. Diffusion Particles travel from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. This process does not require any energy from the cell. http://highered.mcgraw- hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_diffusion_works. html http://highered.mcgraw- hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_diffusion_works. html

4. Osmosis A special kind of diffusion: Diffusion of water Diffusion of water through the cell membrane that is so important that it has its own special name. http://highered.mcgraw- hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_osmosis_works.html http://highered.mcgraw- hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_osmosis_works.html http://www.indiana.edu/~phys215/lecture/lecnotes/diff.html

5. More Osmosis… Water moves from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. See the picture on page 85

6. Osmosis and the Blood Cell p.85 Putting the blood cell in pure water without salts makes water move INTO the cell by osmosis. The cell will look bloated. The water “tries to balance itself on both sides of the membrane”.

7. Questions to Answer What would happen if we put the cell in super salty solution? Draw what it would look like below.

8. Active Transport Active Transport-The cell must use energy to move things into or out of the cell. This is against the normal direction of diffusion: From an area of LOW concentration to an area of HIGH concentration.

9. Movement of Large Particles Into Cell Endocytosis- Cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses it in a vesicle. See p. 87 Moves things INTO the cell http://www.coolschool.ca/lor/BI12/unit4/U04L05/endocytosis_final.html

10. Movement of Large Particles OUT of the Cell. Exocytosis- Vesicles are formed at the ER or Golgi Complex and are in a “packet” that moves to the cell membrane for release. Moves things OUT of the cell. http://www.coolschool.ca/lor/BI12/unit4/U04L05/exocytosis.html

11. Cellular Respiration NOT the same as respiration or breathing…but breathing is required so that cellular respiration can occur Cellular respiration- The process where the cell produces ATP (energy) in the cell from O 2 and glucose; carbon dioxide and water are the products.

12. Cellular Respiration ALL ORGANISMS RESPIRE! Know this Equation!!! Reactants Products 6O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6  6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + ATP oxygen glucose (sugar) carbon dioxide water energy Where did they come from? Where are they going? air food waste waste Used/Stored Aerobic respiration: requires oxygen to be present. Makes 46 ATP’s

13. Fermentation Remember “Feel the Burn”? Fermentation is a process that makes energy in the absence of O 2 which is known as anaerobic respiration. Some organisms rely solely on fermentation. Yeast and some bacteria make CO 2 and alcohol as a product of the process.

14. Plant Food (Photosynthesis) Plants have chlorophyll that capture light energy to change CO 2 and H 2 O into food (glucose). Know this Equation!!! http://wps.prenhall.com/wps/media/objects/486/498596/CDA7_1/CDA7_1b/CDA7 _1b.htm http://wps.prenhall.com/wps/media/objects/486/498596/CDA7_1/CDA7_1b/CDA7 _1b.htm Products Reactants Sun 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O +  C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 carbon dioxide water glucose (sugar) oxygen Where did they come from? Where are they going? air or respiration (same) respiration respiration fruit air

15. Connecting Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Answer the following on the back of your notes page: Draw the figure on p. 90 on your own piece of paper. Answer the following questions on the back 1. What do you notice about the two equations for photosynthesis & respiration? 2. What happens to the ATP? Where does it go? 3. How is ATP used by the cell? 4. Explain in 3 sentences or more what is happening in this figure. 5. How is the cell’s use of CO 2 and H 2 O like people recycling glass and paper?

16. Other Processes Digestion- Taking in food to break down for energy Waste Disposal- Products of cellular respiration and unneeded products. Growth- Using energy to increase in size. Reproduction- To generate offspring with all or shared characteristics of the parents.