1. Ironing Techniques and Fabric Construction
Clothing and Textiles 1

2. Parts of the Iron
Thermostat

3. Parts of the Iron
Thermostat
Steam Release

4. Parts of the Iron
Thermostat
Steam Release
Sprayer

5. Parts of the Iron
Handle
Thermostat
Steam Release
Sprayer

6. Parts of the Iron
Handle
Power
Thermostat
Steam Release
Sprayer

7. Parts of the Iron Power Handle Thermostat Steam Release Sprayer
Water Tank

8. Parts of the Iron Power Handle Thermostat Steam Release Sprayer
Water Tank
Sole Plate

9. Safety and Care Don’t touch the sole plate when iron in on.
Leave iron up right when not using.
Always unplug iron and drape cords across ironing board when finished.
Distilled water for water tank- helps keep sprayer and steamer unclogged.
Clean the sole plate with a wet towel or steel wool.

10. Pressing equipment
Ironing board
Press cloth
Tailors ham
Sleeve board

11. Techniques Press as you go.
Press seam allowances open, unless indicated other wise.
Ironing: sliding motion over the fabric
Pressing: applying pressure to the garment, with no movement. Up and down movement.

12. Fusible material Fusible interfacing: woven, non-woven Fusible fleece
Use:
“bumpy” side of interfacing is the attachable side- this needs to be toward the fabric.
Apply heat, moisture, and pressure for about seconds
Lift iron, then set on a new section of garment, and repeat.

13. Fabric and Temperature
Natural:
Wool
Silk
Cotton/linen
Synthetic:
Polyester
Nylon
Specialty:
Pile Fabric
Sheer

14. Fabric Construction: Woven Characteristics
Woven fabrics are made by interlacing two sets of yarns at right angles to each other.  The two types of yarns that woven fabrics are comprised of are warp yarns and filling yearn.  A warp yarn is is the length-wise yarn, and the filling yarn in the yarn that runs width wise.  (see picture)
Filling
Warp

15. Fabric Construction: Woven Characteristics
selvage- the lengthwise edge of the fabric, usually between ¼ and ½ inch.  Warp yarns are always parallel to the selvage
grain- The grain of the fabric is indicated by the direction parallel to either the warp or the filling yarn. This term is used if a fabric has been cut parallel to the warp or filling yarns.
cut edge- has been cut with scissors, or rotary blade, but is still subject to fraying (if woven)
raw edge-non-finished edge, subject to fraying (if woven)

16. Fabric Construction: Woven Characteristics
lengthwise grain- When fabric is cut parallel to the warp yarn
crosswise grain- When fabric is cut parallel to the filling yarn
*fabric cut off grain will create a product that is skewed or twisted.
(picture found on sewaquilt.com)

17. Fabric Construction: Woven Characteristics
bias- a direction in the fabric that is not parallel to either types of yarn.  Woven fabrics drape best when cut on the bias.
(picture found at how-to-quilt.com)

18. Fabric Construction: Woven Characteristics
can often stretch
frays easily
has warp and filling yarns
Examples: Taffeta, Satin, Brocade, Canvas, Corduroy, Denim, Tweed

19. Fabric Construction: Knit Characteristics
described as the inter-looping of yarns (loops are formed and other loops are drawn through them)
Examples: jersey, Tulle

20. Fabric Construction: non-woven/felted Characteristics
bonding or interlocking of fibers through mechanical, chemical or thermal means.  
more materials available with the increase in technology
generally made of polyester or rayon
Examples: wipes, vacuum bags, dryer sheets, tea bag, diapers, window shade, felt

21. Fabric Selection Pants: Blouse: Dress: Bag:
Fashion suiting
Denim
Corduroy
Blouse:
Silk
Calico (cotton)
Shirting twill
Dress:
Taffeta (prom dress)
Satin
Bag:
Upholstery
Duck cloth
See back of pattern envelop for manufactures suggestions.

22. References
Halgren, P. (n.d.). Retrieved June 2, 2011, from how-to- quilt.com:
Ingrid Johnson, A. C. (2010). J.J.Pizzuto's Fabric Science Ninth Edition. Fairchild Books.
Massard, G. (n.d.). Retrieved June 2, 2011, from sewaquilt.com:
Created by: Elizabeth Hale, Shanna Haws, Whitney Carter