1. Clinical Needs Presentation Christopher Troiano RIT Mechanical Engineering

2. Clinical Needs  Improving the Flow Environment for Cardiopulmonary Bypass  Ambulatory Design for the Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump  Increasing Proficiency of Balloon Angioplasty  Adapting Wire Technology for Increased Control  Decreasing Footprint and Clutter of Machines in Operating Rooms

3. Improving the Flow Environment for Cardiopulmonary Bypass  Problem: Potential aftereffects of the heart-lung machine are postperfusion syndrome, hemolysis, and capillary leak syndrome.  Need: An alteration to the flow environment – allowing for pulsatile flow over continuous flow, filtering of microemboli and debris from the circuit, and altering the centrifuge to incur less red blood cell damage.  Statistics: In a study posted by the New England Journal of Medicine, 53% of bypass patients experience cognitive decline at discharge, 36% at six weeks, 24% at six months, and 42% at five years.

4. Ambulatory Design for the Intra- Aortic Balloon Pump  Problem: The current monitoring and control system for the intra-aortic balloon pump is massive, and cannot be easily transported.  Need: An intra-aortic balloon pump better designed for ambulatory use.  Fun Fact: The console weighs 34.8kg, the monitor weighs 4.3kg, the cart weighs 29.1kg, and the internal battery weighs 15.4kg, for a total weight of 83.6kg (184lbs)!

5. Increasing Proficiency of Balloon Angioplasty  Problem: Angioplasty procedures commonly require more than one balloon to be used. This is wasteful in regards to the time and cost the hospital must spend on the procedure.  Need: A balloon catheter that can vary in length and/or diameter.  Statistic: In 2010, Strong Memorial Hospital performed 845 interventional angioplasties.

6. Adapting Wire Technology for Increased Control  Problem: Surgeons occasional have trouble accessing arteries during diagnostic catherizations. Access can require the use of various sheaths and guide wires.  Need: A wire that could alter its shape without sacrificing stiffness.  Statistics: In 2010, Strong Memorial Hospital performed 2,652 vascular catherizations and 3,220 cardiac catherizations.

7. Decreasing Footprint and Clutter of Machines in Operating Rooms  Problem: Operating rooms, with special notice of cardiac surgery rooms, contain numerous monitoring machines. There is a lot of clutter, particularly with wires, and the importance of each machine requires the physiologists to constantly move to monitor each machine.  Need: The development of a single, modular unit that can accept data from multiple machines, allowing for one central machine to retrieve all diagnostic data.

8. Questions?