1. Class Scaphopoda & Cephalopoda 1 Phylum Mollusca Class Scaphopoda Class Cephalopoda

2. Class Scaphopoda & Cephalopoda 2 Class Scaphopoda Defining characteristics – Tusk shaped conical shells, open at both ends – Development of anterior thread-like adhesive feeding tentacles Elongated tapering tubular shells that burrow in sandy bottoms

3. Class Scaphopoda & Cephalopoda 3 Class Scaphopoda Commonly called tooth shells or tusk shells Have lost ctenida along with ability to filter feed Never spirally wound but grows linearly

4. Class Scaphopoda & Cephalopoda 4 Scaphopoda Feeding Habits Scaphopods bury themselves with the posterior tip exposed The anterior end has tentacles, a muscular foot and no eyes Possess as many as 100-200 tentacles which terminates as a sticky bulb

5. Class Scaphopoda & Cephalopoda 5 Class Cephalopoda Defining characteristics – Closed circulatory system – Foot modified to form flexible arms and siphons – Ganglia fused to form a large brain encased in a cartilaginous cranium

6. Class Scaphopoda & Cephalopoda 6 Cephalopod Characteristics The most highly organized of all the molluscs, the foot is closely associated with the head Can be as large as 1,000kg. and 18m. – Architeuthis spp.

7. Class Scaphopoda & Cephalopoda 7 Defensive Mechanisms Since they are susceptible to predation they have evolved chromatophores An ink sac that is associated with the digestive system and discharged out the anus

8. Class Scaphopoda & Cephalopoda 8 Sensory & Nervous System Eyes – All but the nautilus have image forming eyes that are like mammals Convergent evolution

9. Class Scaphopoda & Cephalopoda 9 Reproduction Sexes are separate – Males have one modified arm (hectocotylus) for sperm transfer Sperm are enclosed in packets called spermatophores

10. Class Scaphopoda & Cephalopoda 10 Squid 10 sucker bearing arms surround the mouth – 2 longer tentacular arms can shot forward and capture prey Form large schools and feed on crustaceans, and fishes The shell is reduced and lies under the mantle Large folded gills and a circulatory system distribute oxygen quickly

11. Class Scaphopoda & Cephalopoda 11 Squid Internal Anatomy

12. Class Scaphopoda & Cephalopoda 12 Squid Locomotion The foot forms the funnel The upper end of the mantle is extended into a pair of triangular fins – Can move very quickly 5-10 m/s

13. Class Scaphopoda & Cephalopoda 13 Octopus Have 8 arms all equal in length – Rows of suckers from base to tip Compact body with a greatly reduced shell The body is extremely flexible and assumes a streamlined shape when swimming with squid-like jets through the funnel

14. Class Scaphopoda & Cephalopoda 14 Learning and Memory Benthic feeders on bivalves, crabs and fishes Amazing ability to learn quickly and remember for several weeks

15. Class Scaphopoda & Cephalopoda 15 Could an Octopus be your next Professor?