1. Chapter 5 Sketching Applications

2. Introduction Sketching (i.e., freehand drawing) –Drawing without drafting equipment –Only paper, pencil, and an eraser needed –Fast, visual communication –Asset for communicating technical concepts

3. Introduction Sketching may be used by: –Drafters –Computer-aided drafters –Architects –Designers

4. Sketching Tools and Materials Pencils –Should have soft lead Common No. 2 Mechanical pencil with H, F, or HB lead Automatic 0.7-mm or 0.9-mm pencil with F or HB lead –Point should be slightly rounded Paper –Almost any type works

5. Sketching Straight Lines

6. Sketching Circular Lines Techniques: –Trammel method –Hand-compass method –Nail-and-string method

8. Measurement Lines and Proportions All lines are related in sketches –Size and direction Sketches should be proportional –Actual size depends on paper and sketch size Pencils –May used as a ruler for measurement

10. Measurement Lines and Proportions (cont’d.) Blocking –Helps determine shapes and proportions

13. Introduction to Multiview Sketches Multiview projection –Views of an object as projected upon two or more picture planes in orthographic projection Elevation views –Two-dimensional views established by a line of sight perpendicular to the object surface

15. Isometric Sketches Provide a three-dimensional (3D) pictorial representation of an object –Isometric lines are on or parallel to one of the three original isometric axes –Circles and arcs appear as ellipses

19. Orthographic Projection Projection of features of an object onto an imaginary plane (i.e., plane of projection) –Projection of features is made by lines of sight perpendicular to the plane of projection

21. Multiview Projection Establishes two or more views of an object as projected on two or more planes –Uses orthographic projection techniques Elevations –Two-dimensional exterior views of a structure Proper view selection –Six primary views

24. Projection of Features from an Inclined Plane In multiview projection, features of objects that are: –Parallel to projection planes appear true size and shape –Not parallel to projection planes are foreshortened, and not in true size and shape