2. Population Increase, Deforestation, and Desertification in Africa

3. Forests: a critical resource More than 1 billion people live in or around forests and use forest resources for: 70 million Indigenous Peoples living in remote areas depend completely on forest resources for their livelihoods - Food - Timber - Fuel - Medicine - Income - Clean Water - Building material - Spirituality - Recreation FAO/ Faidutti/CFU000118

4. desertification Why does the Africa suffer from desertification? a typical example Population Increases More demand for energy More demand for cattle Deforestation for fire wood Grassland suffers over grazing Roots no longer hold soil together Roots get eaten as well as grass Leaves no longer protect soil from weather Less vegetation means less protection from weather Loose top soil blown away by wind (Soil Erosion) = =

5. Need proof this is happening in Africa? Satellite imagery from the United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP)

6. Population Growth Population Growth Around Lake Victoria 1960 - 2015 The population growth around 100 km buffer zone of the Lake Victoria Population growth around Lake Victoria, East Africa, is the highest in Africa

7. These images show deforestation rate in the area, believed to be one of the highest in the world 1988: Shows destruction of small forest fragments 2002: The lighter green strip bisecting the images is the result of extensive deforestation and intensive cultivation deforestation Tai National Park, Côte d’Ivoire – site of world’s highest deforestation rate

8. Deforestation Deforestation in Itampolo, Madagascar These images show the changes in narrow coastal plain 1973: Shows heavily forested area home to unique and rare plant and animal species 2001: Burning of forest to clear land for dry rice cultivation, has led to disappearance of forest area (seen as tan)

9. Deforestation Deforestation Around Lake Nakuru, Kenya These images show the land cover degradation in the lake’s catchment 1973: The area that hosts the world’s largest concentration of flamingos 2000: Excision of forest in the Eastern Mau Forest Reserve (white lines) will most likely lead to disappearance of upper catchment forest cover

10. Desertification Desertification in Ravene, Senegal Images show impact of drought and over- grazing on the woody vegetation 1965: Ancient valleys cutting through gravelly plateaus, with extensive bushland vegetation 1999: desertification spreads extensively along the shallow valley slopes

11. Desertification Desertification leaves the land barren and unable to support agriculture

12. Can you create a caption for this picture?