1. Treatment Courts Iowa’s Diversion Programs

2. The Need for Action  In 2004, Iowa averaged 125 meth responses in one month.  In 2012, Iowa averaged 2,003 marijuana plants seized  Rose to 5,813 in 2013  Synthetic drugs were on the rise  K2, bath salts  DEA records indicated Iowa as the 3 rd highest response in the country.  Heroin use appears to be rising in Iowa (Lukan S., 2013) )

3. The Problem Today  In 2008, presence of illegal drugs in a child’s body occurred 633 times.  By 2012, rose to 1,002 cases reported to DHS.  Over the last five years, the number has totaled 4,012.  An increase of 58% since 2008. (Lukan S., 2013)

4. The Response  Non-Prescription Pseudoephedrine control laws – 2005  Meth lab incidents have declined 75%  Iowa enacted the Pseudoephedrine Tracking System - 2009  Electronic monitoring system that flags illegal over the limit purchases.  Stop buyers from buying small amounts from a number of different pharmacies (Lukan S., 2012)

5.  More than 71,800 illegal purchase attempts have been blocked  Preventing over 423 pounds of Pseud. sales  Averting approx. 1500 additional labs  As of Sept. of 2013, Iowa is averaging only 21 labs/ per month compared to the 125 earlier mentioned. (Lukan S., 2013)

6. Diversion Program  Drug Treatment Court-1999  Provides services to both adults and juveniles  County Attorney’s office, Juvenile Court, attorneys, Probation officers or the court  First drug court in Iowa  First to use volunteers to serve as it’s judges (Iowa, 2002)

7.  Four phases – anticipated one year  Stabilization – 3-5 weeks  Acceptance – 3-8 months  Maitenance/Aftercare – 3-8 months  Recover – on going  Progress is closely monitored  Rewards/Consequences based  Electronic monitoring, bi-weekly vs. weekly supervision appt, drug court appearances,  Placement in halfway houses, treatment, or jail

8.  Eligibility requirements:  Must have charges  Probation cases and 1 year of supervision remaining  Willingness to participate and make life changes  No felony charges or extensive criminal history  No gang involvement  No trafficking of drugs in large quantities

9.  60-70 clients  Team members  District Court Judge  Juvenile Probation Supervisor  5 drug court officers ( JCS & Dept. Correct.)  Part-time Tech  70 Community Panel volunteer members  Panels meet once per month

10.  145 juveniles and 140 adults graduated  J- 54% have not committed another crime  A- 73% have not committed another crime (Iowa, 2002)

11. Diversion Program  Family Treatment Court  Partnerships between courts and communities  Empower parents to break free from the grip of drugs and reunite families

12.  Team Includes:  Judge  DHS  Substance abuse treatment professionals  Attorneys  Private agency providers

13.  They have served 496 families  587 parents and 954 children  94% did not suffer a recurrence of maltreatment  76% were able to remain in the custody of their parents  79% were reunited within 12 months  Parents are admitted to treatment earlier and remain almost four times longer  Has saved Iowa taxpayers $4.6 million (Family Treatment Courts in Iowa, 2014)

14. Overall  Woodbury County’s overall success rate is higher than the national average.  Diversion programs help develop bonds between client and professionals. (Vick, 2010)  Provide closer supervision and more frequent testing.  Drug use and criminal behavior are substantially reduced while drug users are participating (Belenko, 1998)

15.  Family Treatment Courts in Iowa. (2014, January). Iowa.  Belenko, S. (1998). Research on Drug Courts: A Critical Review. National Drug Court Institute Review: Volume 1, 4-24.  Gottefredson, D. C., Najaka, S. S., & Kearley, B. (2003). Effectiveness of Drug Treatment Courts: Evidence from a Randomized Trial. Ebsco, 171- 196.  Herman-Stahl, M. A., Krebs, C. P., Kroutil, L. A., & Heller, D. C. (2006). Risk and protective factors for methamphetamine use and nonmedical use of prescription stimulants among young adults aged 18 to 25. Science Direct: Addictive Behaviors, 1004-1014.  Iowa, D. o. (2002). Drug Court Evaluation Plan. State of Iowa.  Kendell, G. W. (2007). Methamphetamine Abuse in Iowa. Des Moines: Governor's Office of Drug Control Policy.  Lukan, S. (2013, Septemeber). Results Iowa. Retrieved March 2014, from Governor's Office of Drug Control Policy: http://www.resultsiowa.org/drugctrl.html  Lukan, S. F. (2012, November). Governor's Office of Drug Control Policy. Retrieved March 2014, from 2013 Iowa Drug Control Stratgey: http://iowa.gov/odcp/drug_information/methamphetamine.html#  Russell, K., Dryden, D. M., Liang, Y., Friesen, C., O'Gorman, K., Durec, T., et al. (2008). Risk factors for methamphetamine use in youth: a systematic review. BMC Pediatrics, 1-10.  Vick, D. (2010). Impact of Community Panel Juvenile Drug Court Judges In Woodbury County, Iowa. PB & J, 20-32.