1. SEMINAR ON HY-WIRE CAR PRESENTED BY:- DHEERENDR KUMAR ROLL NO:-08ME18

2. INTRODUCTION  Cars are immensely complicated machines, but they do an incredibly simple job.  Most of the complex stuff in a car is decided to turning wheel  The two basic elements that largely dictate car design today are 1. The internal combustion engine 2. Mechanical and hydraulic linkages

3. HY-WIRE BASICS  The defining characteristic of the Hy-wire is that it doesn’t have either of those two things: engine and mechanical and hydraulic linkages  Instead of an engine, it has a fuel cell stack  Instead of mechanical and hydraulic linkages, it has a drive by wire system

4. FUEL CELL –ON HY-WIRE  A fuel cell is an electrochemical energy conversion device that converts hydrogen and oxygen into water, producing electricity and heat in the process.  It provides a DC (direct current) voltage  It can continually recharge a fuel cell by adding chemical fuel- hydrogen for an onboard storage tank

5. Proton exchange membrane fuel-cell  The type of fuel cell that is used in the Hy-wire car is the Proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Hy-wire car is the Proton exchange membrane fuel cell.  The four basic elements of a PEM fuel cell are:-  The anode, the negative post of the fuel cell  The cathode, the positive post of the fuel cell

6.  Electrolyte  It is the proton exchange membrane.  It blocks electrons.  The catalyst  It is a special material that facilitates the reaction of oxygen and hydrogen.  It is usually made of platinum powder very thinly coated onto carbon paper or cloth.  It is rough and porous.  The platinum-coated side of the catalyst faces the PEM.

7. The working of PEMFC

8.  Chemistry of a Fuel Cell Anode side: Anode side: 2H2 => 4H+ + 4e- 2H2 => 4H+ + 4e- Cathode side: Cathode side: O2 + 4H+ +4e- => 2H2O O2 + 4H+ +4e- => 2H2O Net reaction: Net reaction: 2H2 + O2 => 2H2O 2H2 + O2 => 2H2O

9. DRIVE BY WIRE TECHNOLOGY  The ‘brain’ of Hy-Wire is a central computer housed in the middle of the chassis.  It sends electronic signals to  The motor control unit to vary the speed.  The steering mechanism to maneuver the car.  The braking system to slow the car down.  It is connected to an array of advanced sensors.  The computer is connected to the body’s electronics through universal docking ports.

11. X-Drive  X-drive is the driver’s control unit.  It has two ergonomic groups, positioned to the left and right of a small LCD monitor.  The color monitor in the center of the controller displays speed, mileage, fuel level and the rear- view images from video cameras on the sides and back of the car, in place of conventional mirrors.  A second monitor, on a console beside the driver, shows you stereo, climate control and navigation information.

12.  THE X-DRIVE CAN SLIDE TO EITHER SIDE OF THE VEHICLE

13. Fuel-Cell stack Fuel-Cell stack  It is made up of 200 individual cells connected in series.  It collectively provide 94 kilowatts of continuous power and 129 kilowatts at peak power.  It is kept cool by a conventional radiator system  It delivers DC voltage ranging from 125 to 200 volts

14. THE HYDROGEN TANKS AND FUEL-CELL STACK IN THE HY-WIRE

16. ADVANTAGES  1. Fuel efficient - a fuel cell vehicle could provide twice the fuel efficiency of a comparably sized conventional vehicle  2. Environment friendly - the only bi-product formed is water, which is a non-pollutant.  3. High stability - a low center of gravity, gives the architecture both a high stability and superior handling.

17.  4. Highly spacious - As there are no linkages and engine lot of legroom space is available for the passengers.  5. Driver friendly –  X-Drive can be taken to anywhere inside the car  Gives the driver a clear view of the road and thus increases the drivability.  6. Freedom of individual expression –  freedom of individual expression

18. DISADVANTAGES  1. Low safety -An electrical failure would mean total loss of control.  2. Storage and transportation of hydrogen fuels – production, transportation and storage of hydrogen for the on board fuel cell stack.  3. Pricing - With the current status of development, manufacturing of the Hy-wire cars on a mass scale would not at all be economical.

19. FUTURE OF HY-WIRE FUTURE OF HY-WIRE  Fuel cells offer a promising alternative  They need to be compelling, affordable, and profitable.  The main challenge is in the field of storage of hydrogen

20. CONCLUSION  The Hy-wire concept has so profoundly brought about changes in the automotive industry  GM and other auto makers are planning to launch such a vehicle for the public usage by the year 2020. to launch such a vehicle for the public usage by the year 2020.

22. THANK YOU