1. ECE 4110 – Internetwork Programming TCP/IP Protocol

2. 2 * From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall OSI Model (revisited)

3. 3 * From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall Summary of OSI Layers

4. 4 Sample Network Algorithm Listen to wire Detect a preamble? Read destination address Is it broadcast address? Is it my address? Read data frame contents Frame passed data integrity check? Deliver data to designated process Ignore transmission Discard data Yes No Are signals detected data carrying or noise? Is the listening computer the intended party or is it for someone else? Did the computer get a good message or is it corrupted? No Yes No Yes

5. 5 * From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall Adding and Stripping Headers/Trailers

6. 6 * From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall TCP/IP Protocol Suite

7. Spring 2003 Tuna Tugcu ECE 4110 – Internetwork Programming 7 Terminology TCP:Transmission Control Protocol UDP:User Datagram Protocol IP:Internetworking Protocol ARP:Address Resolution Protocol RARP:Reverse ARP ICMP:Internet Control Message Protocol IGMP:Internet Group Management Protocol SMTP:Simple Mail Transfer Protocol FTP:File Transfer Protocol DNS:Domain Name System (Service) SNMP:Simple Network Management Protocol NFS:Network File System RPC:Remote Procedure Call TFTP:Trivial FTP

8. Spring 2003 Tuna Tugcu ECE 4110 – Internetwork Programming 8 IP Protocol Connectionless. IP packets are called datagrams. Best-effort: IP does its best to get the packet to the destination. No error checking or tracking  lost datagrams. Each datagram is transmitted separately. This causes: Out of sequence datagrams Duplicate datagrams

9. 9 * From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall Addresses in TCP/IP

10. 10 * From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall Layer-Address Relationship in TCP/IP

11. 11 * From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall Physical Addressing

12. 12 * From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall IP Addressing Physical addresses are 48 bits. IPv4 addresses are 32 bits. Port addresses are 16 bits.

13. 13 * From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall Classful Addressing

14. Spring 2003 Tuna Tugcu ECE 4110 – Internetwork Programming 14 Classful Addressing (cont’d) A mask is a 32-bit binary number that gives the first address in the block (the network address) when bitwise ANDed with an address in the block. The network address is the beginning address of each block. It can be found by applying the default mask to any of the addresses in the block (including itself). In classful addressing, the network address is the one that is assigned to the organization.

15. 15 * From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall Example: Class C Network

16. 16 * From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall Multihomed Hosts

17. 17 * From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall Direct Broadcast Address

18. 18 * From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall Limited Broadcast Address

19. 19 * From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall This Host on This Address (Bootstrapping)

20. 20 * From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall Specific Host on This Network

21. 21 * From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall Loopback Address

22. Spring 2003 Tuna Tugcu ECE 4110 – Internetwork Programming 22 Unicast, Multicast, and Broadcast Addresses Unicast communication is one-to-one. Multicast communication is one-to- many. Broadcast communication is one-to-all.

23. 23 * From TCP/IP Protocol Suite, B. A. Forouzan, Prentice Hall Sample internet