1. Welcome to Social Psychology: Lecture #1 topics  Who is So-Jin Kang?  Your expectations for this course  Course syllabus  Research in social psychology  What is social psychology?  Correlational designs vs. experimental designs  Examples of experiments with 1 vs. 2 independent variables

2. Introduction: Who is So-Jin Kang?

3. Your expectations: What do you want from this course?  What do you hope to gain from this course?  What 3 qualities make a good instructor?  Tell me 3 interesting things about yourself.  REMEMBER: Keep this anonymous!

4. What is social psychology?  the _________ study of how _________ think, feel, and behave in regards to _________.  how individuals’ thoughts, feelings, and behaviours are affected by others

5. Why study social psychology? BEAUTY AND BRAINS DON’T MIX: Attractive people are seen as less smart than unattractive people. For example…

6. Why study social psychology? vs

7. Why study social psychology? PEOPLE WILL LIKE AN ACTIVITY MORE IF YOU REWARD THEM: They come to associate positive reinforcement with the activity.

8. Why study social psychology? PLAYING VIOLENT VIDEO GAMES RELEASES AGGRESSION: People will be less likely to vent their anger in other violent ways.

9. Why study social psychology? hindsight bias: _________ our ability to have predicted an outcome _________ the outcome is known.

10. Correlational designs  measure the _________ between variables _________ manipulated by the researcher  correlations tell us:  how _________ 2 measures are  how well 1 variable can _________ another

11. Correlational designs - _________ ≥ r ≥ + _________ r = _________ of relationship + / - = _________ of relationship

12. Correlational designs If r = +1.00:

13. Correlational designs If r = -1.00:

14. Correlational designs If r = 0.00:

15. Correlational designs Main advantage:  lets you examine relations between variables that are _________ / _________ to _________ Main disadvantage:  _________ ≠ _________

16. Correlational designs If x and y are correlated, it could be because:  _________  _________  _________  _________ AND _________

17. Correlational designs An example: If self-esteem and popularity are positively correlated, it could be because:  _________  _________  _________  _________ AND _________

18. Experimental designs  establish _________ relationships between variables  _________ 1 or 2 variables to see the effect on another variable TWO KEY CHARACTERISTICS:  _________

19. Experimental designs EXPERIMENTAL CONTROL IS ACHIEVED BY:  _________ procedure, setting, behaviour  _________ of 1 or 2 variables at a time independent variable (IV): variable that is _________ dependent variable (DV): variable that is _________

20. Experimental designs RANDOM ASSIGNMENT:  all participants have _________ chance of receiving a given manipulation  idiosyncratic factors _________ in all conditions  ensures no systematic differences between conditions, EXCEPT for _________ itself

21. Experiment with 1 independent variable independent variable dependent variable conceptual variables operational variables type of TV show # punches to Bobo doll HYPOTHESIS: TV violence causes aggression.

22. Experiment with 1 independent variable RESULTS:

23. Experiment with 2 independent variables independent variable #1 independent variable #2 dependent variable conceptual variables operational variables type of TV show temperature of lab room # punches to Bobo doll HYPOTHESIS: TV violence causes aggression, but ONLY in hot temperatures.

24. Experiment with 2 independent variables RESEARCH DESIGN: Cool room (20  C) Hot room (35  C) SopranosSesame Street SopranosSesame Street # of punches to Bobo doll ????

25. Experiment with 2 independent variables RESULTS:  main effect for _________  interaction between _________ & _________

26. Experiment with 2 independent variables main effect: _________ all other independent variables, _________ effect of 1 independent variable on the dependent variable interaction: when the effect of 1 independent variable on the dependent variable _________ on the _________ of the 2 nd independent variable.

27. Experiment with 2 independent variables MAIN EFFECT FOR TV SHOW:  average # of punches thrown by Sesame Street viewers = _________  average # of punches thrown by Sopranos viewers = _________ REGARDLESS of temperature, Sopranos viewers threw _________ punches than Sesame Street viewers.

28. Experiment with 2 independent variables MAIN EFFECT FOR TEMPERATURE:  average # of punches thrown by people in cool room = _________  average # of punches thrown by people in hot room = _________ REGARDLESS of TV show, people in the hotter room threw _________ punches than people in the cooler room.

29. Experiment with 2 independent variables INTERACTION:  no effect of temperature among Sesame Street viewers  large effect of temperature on Sopranos viewers: _________ viewers were _________ violent than _________ viewers

30. Experimental designs Main advantage:  lets you establish _________ relations between variables Main disadvantage:  findings may not be _________ to different populations, settings (_________ validity)