1. Cells to Organ Systems

2. Epithelial Tissues Epithelia comes in 2 forms: Glandular epithelia
Membranous epithelia
Functions:
Protection
Absorption
Filtration
Excretion
Secretion
Sensory reception

3. Glandular Epithelia
Exocrine Gland
ducted glands

4. Exocrine Gland Glandular Epithelia ducted glands Merocrine gland
Holocrine gland

5. Exocrine Gland
Goblet cells

6. Exocrine vs Endocrine Gland
Secretes product directly directly in blood
Secretes product through duct

7. Classification of Epithelia

8. Epithelial Tissues
Simple Squamous Epithelium
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
Simple Columnar Epithelium
Stratified Epithelium
Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium
Transitional Epithelium

9. Tissues

10. Simple Squamous Epithelium
Function: gas exchange in lungs
Location: lines blood vessels, lymph vessels and various membranes within the thorax and abdomen

11. Simple Squamous Cells
Frog skin

12. Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
Function: secretion and absorption
Location: kidney tubules

13. Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
Mammalian kidney

14. Simple Columnar Epithelium
Function: protection, secretion and absorption (associated
w/goblet cells-exocrine)
Location: lines uterus and digestive tract

15. Simple Columnar Epithelium
1. Smooth muscle (long. layer)
2. Smooth muscle (circ. layer)
3. Simple columnar epithelium
4. Goblet cell
5. Lumen of the intestine
Cross section of small intestine

16. Stratified Squamous Epithelium
Function: protects underlying cells from harmful env. effects
Location: covers skin, lines mouth and throat, vagina, and anal canal

17. Stratified Squamous Epithelium
2. Lumen of the esophagus
3. Connective tissue
Cross section of esophagus

18. Epidermis of the Skin cornified layer of dead cells
stratified squamous epithelium

19. Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium
goblet cell
Function: secretion and propulsion of mucus
Location: lines respiratory and reproductive system

20. Stratified columnar
Function: protection and secretion
Location: rare in body, small amount in male urethra and in large ducts of some glands

21. Transitional
Function: stretches
Location: lines ureters, bladder and part of urethra

22. Cell Junctions
Contact points between the plasma membrane of tissue cells.
Tight Junction
fluid tight seal
prevents fluid from leaving a cavity
Anchoring Junction (adherens, desmosome & hemidesmosome)
tissues that stretch, ex. Heart muscle
Gap Junction
passage of chemical & electrical signals

23. Cell Junctions Gap Junction Tight Junction Hemidesmosome Desmosome
Adherens

24. Connective Tissues Loose Connective Tissue Dense Connective Tissue
Adipose Tissue
Cartilage
Bone
Blood

25. Connective Tissues Functions: Connects body parts Protection
Insulation
Transport substances
Common characteristics:
All originate from mesenchyme
Well vascularized
Extracellular matrix
Three main elements:
Ground substance
Fibers
Cells

26. Loose Connective Tissue

27. Embryonic Connective Tissue

28. Loose Connective Tissue (areolar)
1. Collagen fiber
2. Elastic fiber

29. Location: lymphoid organs- spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow

30. Adipose Tissue

31. Adipose Tissue

32. Dense Connective Tissue

33. Dense Regular Connective Tissue
Cross section of tendon

34. Cartilage

35. Hyaline Cartilage
Costal cartilage between ribs

36. Elastic Cartilage
chondrocytes in lacunae
elastic fibers

37. Fibrocartilage collagen fibers chondrocyte in lacuna
Invertebral discs, pubic symphysis, disks of knees
collagen fibers
chondrocyte in lacuna

38. Bone
spongy bone
Compact bone

39. Compact Bone

40. Compact Bone
osteocytes in lacunae
central canal
canaliculi in matrix

41. Blood
leukocytes
erythrocytes

42. Skeletal Muscle Tissue
Muscle Tissues
Skeletal Muscle Tissue
Smooth Muscle Tissue
Cardiac Muscle Tissue

43. Skeletal Muscle Tissue

44. Skeletal Muscle Tissue

45. Smooth Muscle Tissue

46. Smooth Muscle Tissue

47. Cardiac Muscle Tissue

48. Cardiac Muscle Tissue

49. Nervous Tissue

50. Biology 100
Human Biology

51. Main Body Cavities

52. Planes of Symmetry Medial & Lateral Superior Frontal plane Distal
oblique
Distal
Transverse plane
Proximal
Posterior
Inferior
Anterior
Midsagittal
plane

53. Organ Systems

54. Organ Systems

55. The Skin as an Organ

56. Function Protection- mechanical, chemical, bacterial Cooling the body
Prevent water loss
Synthesize vitamin D
Sensation

57. The Skin Facts: Weighs 9-11 lbs s.a. = 1.5-2m2
An organ, cells constantly dying and being replaced
Facts:
Weighs 9-11 lbs
s.a. = 1.5-2m2
1 cm2 has 70 cm blood vessels, 55 cm
nerves, 100 sweat glands, 15 oil glands, 230 sensory receptors
New skin produced in days

58. The Epidermis

59. What are the four types of planes that may be passed through the body?
The Language of Anatomy
What are the four types of planes that may be passed through the body?
Is the radius proximal to the humerus?
Is the esophagus anterior to the trachea?
Are the ribs superficial to the lungs?
Is the urinary bladder medial to the ascending colon?
Is the sternum lateral to the descending colon?
A mature bone cell is called ____?

60. Inquiry
What is the difference between the three types of muscle tissue?
What type of epithelia tissue has many layers of flattened cells?
What layer in the epidermis are new skin cells produced?
What is the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?
Which organ system includes the thymus and pancreas?