1. Historical Documents THANKS, HAMMURABI

2. Bell Ringer: WWHD? (What Would Hammurabi Do?) For each of the following scenarios, write down the most just punishment for the crime.

3. 1. What should be done to the carpenter who builds a house that falls and kills the owner? Code 2: If a builder builds a house for a man and does not make its construction sound, and the house which he has built collapses and causes the death of the owner of the house, the builder shall be put to death.

4. 2. What should be done about a wife who ignores her duties and belittles her husband? Code 143: If the woman has not been careful but has gadded about, neglecting her house and belittling her husband, they shall throw that woman into the water.

5. 3. What happens if a farmer's irrigations system causes his neighbor to lose his crop? Code 47: He will pay his neighbor the amount of corn that was lost.

6. 4. What should be done if a son is adopted and then the birth-parents want him back? Code 185: If a man takes in his own home a young boy as a son and rears him, one may not bring claim for that adopted son.

7. 5. What happens if a man is unable to pay his debts? Code 117: If a man be in debt and is unable to pay his creditors, he shall sell his wife, son, or daughter, or bind them over to service. For three years they shall work in the houses of their purchaser or master; in the fourth year they shall be given their freedom.

8. 6. What should happen to a boy who slaps his father? Code 195: If a son strikes his father, they shall cut off his hand.

9. 7. What happens if a man accuses someone of murder and it is not proved? Code 118: The accuser will be put to death.

10. 8. How is the truth determined when one man brings an accusation against another? Code 3: If any one bring an accusation against a man, and the accused go to the river and leap into the river, if he sink in the river his accuser shall take possession of his house. But if the river prove that the accused is not guilty, and he escape unhurt, then he who had brought the accusation shall be put to death, while he who leaped into the river shall take possession of the house that had belonged to his accuser.

11. Code of Hammurabi Date1780 BCE Origin City of Babylon in Mesopotamia Significance As Hams’ empire grew, a uniform legal code was needed One of the oldest examples of established written laws 282 laws inscribed on stone pillar Model for “rule of law”—the idea that no one is above the law

12. Magna Carta Date1215 OriginEngland Significance First attempt to limit the king’s power Key Ideas: due process, freedom of movement, taxation only with legislative consent King John agreed to limits on power Document did NOT protect the common people

13. English Bill of Rights Date1689 Origin England (Glorious Revolution!) Significance Product of the Glorious Revolution that brought William and Mary to the throne Established a true limited government Increased protection from the king

14. Mayflower Compact Date1620 OriginMayflower Significance Needed a temporary government between the passengers on board the Mayflower Written agreement Established self-government to serve their interests

15. Virginia Declaration of Rights DateJune 1776 OriginVirginia Significance Opening paragraphs of the Declaration of Independence! Key Ideas Men are “free and equal” Natural rights Right to abolish “inadequate” government

16. Declaration of Independence DateJuly 4, 1776 Origin13 Colonies – Continental Congress Significance Established Popular Sovereignty Government rule by the people Right to revolt against a government that no longer guaranteed natural rights Ideals of life, liberty and equality

17. Articles of Confederation DateNovember 15, 1777 Origin13 Colonies…soon to change Significance Each state held sovereignty, freedom and independence “Firm league of friendship" Creates need for stronger central government