1. Bell Ringer & Vocab
“Speak softly but carry a big stick” –African Proverb
What do you think is the meaning of this quote? Take a guess
Content Vocab:
Open Door Policy
Great White Fleet
Boxer Rebellion
Dollar Diplomacy
Moral Diplomacy
Big Stick Diplomacy
Panama Canal
Roosevelt, Taft, Wilson
Academic Vocab:
Occurs
specific

2. American Presidential Diplomacy
Roosevelt
Taft
Wilson
Big Stick Diplomacy
Dollar Diplomacy
Moral Diplomacy

3. Diplomacy
Definition: The art or practice of conducting international relations, as in negotiating alliances, treaties, and agreements. 3 3

4. Roosevelt
Elected
Teddy Roosevelt is elected President in 1900, he is popular from his Rough Rider image
Embraced the ideas of Anglo-Saxonism
Intended to make the country a world power

5. Speak Softly but Carry a BIG STICK
“Big Stick” Diplomacy
Teddy Roosevelt
OBJECTIVE:
KEEP EUROPE OUT of Latin America (Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine)
USE FORCE to defend American interests in Latin America
Speak Softly but Carry a BIG STICK

6. Roosevelt Corollary This was an amendment to the Monroe Doctrine.
We are the top dog in the Western Hemisphere
This was an amendment to the Monroe Doctrine.
The “Roosevelt Corollary” stated that the U.S. would intervene in Latin American affairs when necessary to maintain peace and stability in the Western Hemisphere.
Reaffirm that Europe stays out of “our side” of the world… we will handle it
US can intervene in Latin American Affairs

8. From TR’s 1904 Annual Message
“All that this country desires is to see the neighboring countries stable, orderly, and prosperous. Any country whose people conduct themselves well can count upon our hearty friendship. If a nation shows that it knows how to act with reasonable efficiency and decency in social and political matters, if it keeps order and pays its obligations, it need fear no interference from the United States. Chronic wrongdoing, or an impotence which results in a general loosening of the ties of civilized society, may… ultimately require intervention by some civilized nation, and in the Western Hemisphere the adherence of the United States to the Monroe Doctrine may force the United States, however reluctantly, in flagrant cases of such wrongdoing or impotence, to the exercise of an international police power.”

9. Great White
Fleet
In 1907 Roosevelt sent 16 battleships of the US Navy on a voyage around the world to showcase the nation’s military might.
The tour made a stop in Japan to demonstrate that the US could and would uphold its interests in Asia
This is my “STICK”

10. Photo credit: tomrichey.net

11. This is getting old...

12. The World’s Most Important Shortcut
Panama Canal
The World’s Most Important Shortcut

13. What is a Canal?
An area of water that is dug across land. Canals connect bodies of water so that ships can travel between them.

14. Where is Panama? 14 14

15. Panama Canal REBELLION
Panama Canal

16. US Supports Rebellion
In 1903 the US supported a rebellion against Colombia and helped rebels establish a breakaway state of Panama
In exchange for the support, the US won the right to build a canal across Panama and control the adjacent territory known as the Panama Canal Zone

17. Why is the Canal Important?
The Spanish-American War brought the need for a short cut between the Atlantic
and Pacific oceans.
Expand trade with Latin America
Allows the United States to better defend itself and better protect interests.
Can quickly move its warships from one ocean to the other
shorten the trip by nearly 8,000 miles

18. Laborers

20. The first ship to transit the Panama Canal on August 15, 1914
1904 The United States begins working on the Canal
1914 The canal is completed
It wasn’t until 1977 that the United States signed a treaty with Panama and agreed to give Panama control of the canal in 1999
The Panama Canal:
The first ship to transit the Panama Canal on August 15, 1914

21. “Our interests and those of our southern neighbors are in reality identical. They have great natural riches, and if within their borders the reign of law and justice obtains, prosperity is sure to come to them….We would interfere with them only if it became evident that their inability or unwillingness to do justice at home and abroad had violated the rights of the United States or had invited foreign aggression to the detriment of the entire body of American nations.”

22. Checking for Understanding
The United States supported a revolution in Panama at the turn of the 20th century in order to
secure the right to build a canal through Central America.

23. What were the US benefits of the Panama Canal?
Checking for Understanding
What were the US benefits of the Panama Canal?
Expand trade with Latin America
better protect interests.
quickly move its warships between oceans

24. Checking for Understanding
The Roosevelt Corollary, stating that the United States would intervene in Latin American to maintain stability, was built upon the…
Monroe Doctrine

25. What did the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine state?
Checking for Understanding
What did the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine state?
The United States reserved the right to intervene in the affairs of Latin America.

26. Checking for Understanding
Which of the following diplomatic ideas relied on having a strong naval force?
Big Stick Diplomacy

27. Taft & Dollar
Diplomacy

28. Dollar Diplomacy OBJECTIVE:
PROTECT American business interests in Latin America
Latin American governments were pressured to support US business interests
By 1913 the US had displaced Great Britain as the leading exporter to Latin America 28 28

29. Examples: Dollar Diplomacy
1911 – attempted to have American bankers included in international plan to invest in railroads in China
1912-Taft ordered Marines into Nicaragua when civil war threatened to prevent repayment of US bank loan

30. Taft’s Chair at the Mission Inn

31. “The diplomacy of the present administration has sought to respond to modern ideas of commercial intercourse. This policy has been characterized as substituting dollars for bullets. It is one that appeals alike to idealistic humanitarian sentiments, to the dictates of sound policy and strategy, and to legitimate commercial aims. It is an effort frankly directed to the increase of American trade upon the axiomatic principle that the government of the United States shall extend all proper support to every legitimate and beneficial American enterprise abroad.”

32. Moral Diplomacy

33. Pro- American Governments
in Latin America
MORAL DIPLOMACY OBJECTIVE:
SUPPORT democratic governments in Latin America
OPPOSE oppressive or undemocratic governments
US INTERESTS Protect US investments, US encouraged obedient, pro-American governments in Latin America
When order was threatened, the US did not hesitate to intervene
Between 1903 and 1934 the US sent armed forces one or more times to six nations in the Caribbean, occupying three of them for more than a decade

34. Moral Diplomacy Under Wilson
President Wilson added to the Monroe Doctrine giving it a moral tone
US had the right to deny recognition to any LA government it viewed as oppressive, undemocratic, or hostile to US interests.
Pressured LA countries to establish democratic governments

35. Examples: Moral Diplomacy
1914 – U.S. troops sent to occupy the Mexican port of Vera Cruz
1915 – sent Marines into Haiti civil war
1916 – Pancho Villa raided New Mexico, killing 19 Americans; Wilson sent forces into northern Mexico until
In the Philippines- territorial status and promised independence
1917 – sent Marines into the Dominican Republic
Puerto Rico- U.S. citizenship granted to Puerto Rican people; granted limited self-government
1917- In Mexico – “Watchful Waiting” – for government supporting civil rights & free elections

36. Noted that his administration desired the "most cordial understanding and cooperation" with Latin America. "As friends … we shall prefer those who act in the interest of peace and honor, who protect private rights, and respect the restraints of constitutional provision.“

37. ALL protected US business
Diplomacy: Big Ideas
“Diplomacy”
ALL protected US business
Roosevelt: Big Stick Diplomacy Assertion of U.S. dominance
Navy is the Big Stick
Wilson: Moral Diplomacy support is only given to countries who’s moral beliefs are similar to the US.
Taft: Dollar Diplomacy The
Effort of the US to further its aims in LA through use of its economic power by guaranteeing loans made to foreign countries. 37

38. Impact of Imperialism
Expanded its access to foreign markets in order to ensure growth of the economy
Built a modern navy to protect its interest abroad
Used police power to ensure dominance in Latin America
US emerged as a world power
Pass out find someone imperialism review 38 38

40. Checking for Understanding
The foreign policy of President Taft focused on advancing American commercial interests abroad. Critics called it…
Dollar Diplomacy

41. Checking for Understanding
The “diplomacy” in which that the US would only support governments similar to the US?
Moral Diplomacy

42. Checking for Understanding
Roosevelt, Taft, & Wilson’s forms of diplomacy all supported the protection of…
US business investment

43. 43 43