1. China under Mao Zedong 1948-1976

2. Challenges and Responses Challenge 1 Poverty, famine, and a low standard of living Policies  Collective farming  Common distribution of food Costs  Loss of incentive to work  Government interference led to mismanagement and crop failures Benefits  Lower prices for food  New agricultural technology Other effects  Eliminated rural gentry class

3. Challenges and Responses Challenge 2Absence of a strong central government Policies  CCP took total command of society, education, media  Dissenters jailed or executed  Religion suppressed Costs  Widespread human rights violations  Many people killed Benefits  China was seen as unified  Government appeared powerful and effective Other effects  Total lack of democracy and civil rights

4. Great Leap Forward 1958-1962 1958-1962 Attempt to rapidly industrialize China and increase productivity Attempt to rapidly industrialize China and increase productivity Methods Methods –Collectivization of farms –Expansion of industry, especially steel production Totally unsuccessful Totally unsuccessful –Industrial production dropped 50% –Agricultural output dropped also Led to huge famine: 10 - 40 million died Led to huge famine: 10 - 40 million died

5. Cultural Revolution 1966-1976 1966-1976 Attempt by Communist party and Chairman Mao to: Attempt by Communist party and Chairman Mao to: –Eliminate dissent –Revive revolutionary excitement “Red Guards” “Red Guards” –Young radicals who were ordered to destroy the “Four Olds”  Old Customs  Old Habits  Old Culture  Old Thinking http://members.fortunecity.com/stalinmao/China/propaganda/cultural/redeagle.jpg

6. Cultural Revolution Schools and universities closed so students could concentrate on revolutionary activities Schools and universities closed so students could concentrate on revolutionary activities Red Guards began to attack all authority figures Red Guards began to attack all authority figures –Parents, teachers, professors –Educated people: journalists, musicians, managers, businesspeople Many killed, tortured, imprisoned, especially in first two years Many killed, tortured, imprisoned, especially in first two years Led to political and social chaos Led to political and social chaos “Gang of Four:” Mao’s wife and three others; eventually blamed for problems “Gang of Four:” Mao’s wife and three others; eventually blamed for problems

7. Cultural Revolution Propaganda Caption: Caption: “Go to the farms! To the country’s borders! To the place where the country needs people most!” http://courses.smsu.edu/dvh804f/cultrevolt.htm

8. Cultural Revolution Propaganda Caption: Caption: "Organize the world's people! Kick those American capitalists' butts! Also the capitalist followers!" http://courses.smsu.edu/dvh804f/cultrevolt.htm

9. Cultural Revolution Propaganda Caption: Caption: "To the people who have made mistakes in the past, the CCP will educate them to give up the wrong opinions. We welcome those who want to correct mistakes. Welcome comrades to the revolt!" http://courses.smsu.edu/dvh804f/cultrevolt.htm

10. Cultural Revolution Propaganda Caption: Caption: “Chairman Mao is the brightest sun in the heart of all the world’s people.” http://courses.smsu.edu/dvh804f/cultrevolt.htm