1. NOAA Science and Technology for Maritime Security Michael Tosatto

2. 2 Overview NOAA is Oceans & Atmosphere NOAA is Science & Management (Policy, Regulatory…) NOAA is Science, Service, Stewardship NOAA is Fisheries, Oceans, Weather and Environmental Satellites & Data NOAA supports security by conducting global observations and science and provisioning decision-makers (high and low) NOAA supports maritime security by improving ocean governance, coastal community resilience and food security

3. 3 Line Office Organization

4. 4 Integrated Observing System NOAA maintains two primary constellations of environmental satellites: polar-orbiting and geostationary satellites. These are part of NOAA's integrated observing system, which includes satellites, radars, surface automated weather stations, weather balloons, sounders, buoys, instrumented aircraft and other sensors, along with the data management infrastructure needed for this system. This integrated system is the foundation upon which NOAA works towards achieving our organizational goals.

5. 5 Satellites NOAA, in collaboration with NASA, develops, manages and operates a fleet of weather and environmental satellites providing continuous global coverage critical for making decisions affecting everything from how to dress to addressing climate change.

6. 6 Ocean Exploration NOAA’s ocean exploration and research technologies include platforms such as vessels and submersibles, bouy and other observing systems and sensors, communication technologies and diving technologies.

7. 7 Coastal Resiliency To ensure early detection of tsunamis and to acquire data critical to real-time forecasts, NOAA has placed DART® stations at sites in regions with a history of generating destructive tsunamis.

8. 8 Coastal Resiliency DART consist of an anchored bottom pressure recorder (BPR) and a companion buoy for real-time communications. The BPR collects temperature and pressure, which is converted to an estimated sea- surface height. The system operates at 15-minute intervals until the DART identifies an event. Then 15-second values are transmitted during the initial few minutes, followed by 1-minute averages.

9. 9 Coastal Resiliency Earthquakes Oil and Chemical Spills Excessive Heat Rip Currents Coral Bleaching Volcanos Droughts Ultraviolet Radiation Fire Weather Storm Surge Flooding Hurricanes Harmful Algal Blooms Storm Surge & Coastal Floods Oil & Chemical Spills Rip Currents Severe Weather Space Weather Tsunamis Volcanoes Winter Weather Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation themes:

10. 10 Ocean Observations Gliders have unique capabilities for collecting data in remote locations, safely and at relatively low cost. With advancements in sensor technologies and propulsion systems, gliders becoming more important as tools for collecting ocean data.

11. 11 Unmanned Aerial System – Puma’ Hand launched Battery operated Equipped with video 500-1,000 ft 1-2 hrs 10 miles from base

12. 12 UAS Ikhana Full size airplane Single turbine engine / single propeller Equipped with radar & video camera that provides live feed to base station 18,000-26,000 ft Up to 24 hrs endurance UAS = Unmanned Aircraft System

13. 13 (Sea-)Food Security Physical availability of sufficient quantities of seafood Economic and physical access Consumption and utilization for nutrition

14. 14 Fish provides: 20% of protein for 3 billion people 17 % of global protein consumed Source: State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture, FAO, 2014