1. Vocabulary Review Ecology

2. Portion of earth that supports life. Biosphere

3. Nonliving elements in an ecosystem. Abiotic Factors

4. Living elements in an ecosystem. Biotic Factors

5. All the individuals of the same species in an area. Population

6. A collection of interacting populations. Community

7. The community plus the physical factors in an area. Ecosystem

8. Variety of life in an area, usually measured as the number of species can live in an area. Biodiversity

9. The place where organisms live out their lives. Habitat

10. The role and position a species has in its environment. Niche

11. Animals that kill and eat other animals. Predator

12. Animals that predators hunt, kill and eat. Prey

13. The act of one organism feeding on another. Predation

14. A word that means “living together.” Symbiosis

15. A symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other species is neither harmed nor benefited. Commensalism

16. A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit. Mutualism

17. A symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits at the expense of the other. Parasitism

18. Organisms that are able to make their own food. Autotrophs

19. Organisms that are not able to make their own food. They must ingest food. Heterotrophs

20. Organisms that obtain nutrients by eating other organisms. Consumers

21. Animals that feed on animals that have already died. Scavengers

22. Organisms that feed on dead or decaying plants or animals break them down into simpler molecules and return them to the soil. Decomposers

23. A simple model that scientists use to show how matter and energy move through an ecosystem. Food Chain

24. Feeding step in a food chain. Trophic Level

25. Energy decreases as tropic level increases. (True or False) True

26. Only 10 percent of energy is transferred from one tropic level to the next. (True or False) True

27. The initial source of energy for ecological pyramids is energy from where? The Sun

28. Cycle where water is reused over and over again. The Water Cycle

29. The air is what percent nitrogen. 78%

30. 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + sunlight & chlorophyll  C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 Photosynthesis

31. 6O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6 --> 6H 2 O + 6CO 2 + energy Cellular Respiration

32. Plant-eaters Herbivores

33. Organism that eat plants and animals Omnivore

34. Organism that eat only animals. Carnivore

35. It takes a large number of producers to support a small number of primary consumers. (True or False) True

36. Interconnected food chains that show the feeding relationships in an ecosystem Food Web

37. A J-shaped curve shows what type of population growth? Exponential Growth

38. Cutting down trees to build houses. Deforestation

39. This gas causes global warming. Increased CO 2

40. Another name for autotrophic Nutrition. Photosynthesis

41. The number of organisms of one species that an environment can support. Carrying Capacity

42. Any biotic or abiotic factor that restricts the existence, numbers, reproduction, of distribution of organisms. Limiting Factor

43. The study of human population growth characteristics. Demography

44. Movement of individuals into a population. Immigration

45. Movement of individuals out of a population. Emigration

46. An increase in the size of a population over time. Population Growth

47. An S-Shaped curve shows what kind of population growth Logistic Growth