1. (Modern Classical music)
20th Century
(Modern Classical music)
20th Century

2. Impressionist music Impressionism is a term borrowed from painting.
vague and hazy outlines.
Debussy wrote L'Apres-midi d'un Faune in his first “impressionist” work
A reaction to the late romantic German style.
20th Century

3. Impressionist Chords are used for their expressive “colour”
The usual laws of harmony are suspended
Discords and sounds are allowed to merge (e.g. using the sustaining pedal in piano pieces)
20th Century

4. Impressionist
Flowing streams of Parallel Chords -7ths,11ths, and 13ths
20th Century

5. Impressionist Debussy uses: Pentatonic scale
MODES - Scales that are neither major or minor but ancient or non western collections of notes with different patterns of tones and semitones.
Ostinato –repeated patterns (like riffs) in the accompaniment
Programme Music- “evokes” or “suggests” a picture or a scene
20th Century

6. Impressionist Debussy uses:
Genie Scale WHOLE New World
Debussy uses:
WHOLE TONE SCALE the intervals between each of the notes is a tone, whereas in major and minor scales the intervals are a mixture of tones and semitones
20th Century

7. Impressionism Debussy's Impressionist pieces include:
La Mer
Nocturnes
Images
Other composers wrote in an impressionist style e.g.
Respighi -Pines of Rome
De Falla -Gardens of Spain
20th Century

8. Syncopation and complex rhythms to make the music sound improvised.
Jazz influences
As well as folk influences some composers experimented with jazz and Blues in their compositions. They used:
The blues Scale.
Syncopation and complex rhythms to make the music sound improvised.
Jazz instruments added to the orchestra - MUTED brass, saxophones etc.
Jazz effects - GLISSANDO- sliding between notes.
20th Century

9. Examples of Jazz influences in 20th Century music include:
George Gershwin - Rhapsody in Blue
20th Century

10. Rhapsody in Blue
The Orchestra used borrowed certain Jazzy Features such as:
Syncopation
Clarinet Glissando
Banjo
Jazz Chords
Trumpets played with Wah wah mutes
Blues scale
20th Century

11. The prominence of the piano makes the piece more like a piano concerto
20th Century

12. Rhapsody in Blue
20th Century

13. 20th Century features
Irregular metre: changing time signatures or unusual time signatures
CROSS RHYTHMS playing conflicting rhythms against each other to create excitement
Smaller orchestra using percussion and wind instruments more than the more lush and expressive strings.
20th Century

14. The music can often sound angry or disturbing
What else makes the music sound like it was written in the 20th Century?
Abrupt modulations
Deliberate wrong notes/ Discords and note clusters (where the notes are close together rather than evenly spaced as they are in a chord)
The music can often sound angry or disturbing
20th Century

15. Piano used as part of the orchestra lots of percussion
unusual instruments
Instruments played in unusual ways:
COL LEGNO - string instruments played with the back of the bow
FLUTTER TONGUING - rolled "rrr.." sound while playing wind instruments.
MUTED on string instruments but particularly on Brass instruments where the timbre is made thinner and more metallic sounding.
20th Century

16. 20th century Atonal music
Schoenberg and his pupils Webern and Berg are a group of composers working in Vienna at the turn of the Century who are sometimes called the Second Viennese school
In his early music Schoenberg wrote in the expressive late romantic style.
As the music became increasingly chromatic it ultimately became ATONAL, rejecting key or tonal centre
20th Century

17. 20th century Atonal music
the 12 notes of the chromatic scale are laid out in a random order and called a theme
They can be developed by ;
reversing them (retrograde)
Turning them upside down (Inversion)
Both, (Retrograde inversion)
Any music that sounds deliberately ugly or “random” is probably from the 20th century
20th Century

18. 20th Century Atonal ALEATORIC or Chance-choice music
Uses unpredictability as part of composition or performing process
improvisation
eg players choose when and/or what to play
All about experimenting (like performance art)
20th Century

19. More recent modern music
MINIMALIST.
many repeated patterns
repeated sections,
deceptively complicated,
cross rhythms,
polyrhythms
polytonality.( two different keys at the same time)
composers: Philip Glass and Steve Reich
20th Century

20. 20th Century

21. 20th Century