1. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT 1874 - 1900 Unit 6

2. CULTURE IN CONFLICT Chapter 17

3. WEST TEXAS AFTER THE CIVIL WAR Chapter 17, Section 1

4. VOCABULARY 1. Campaign 2. Agent

5. STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES SoldiersNative Americans Strengths Weaknesses

6. STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES SoldiersNative Americans Strengths Forts and federal government support Knowledge of the territory and they were skilled fighters Weaknesses Few soldiers, untrained, short on supplies, bad fort locations, no experience in fighting Native Americans Dependence on the buffalo and fighting among the leaders

7. RESERVATIONS AND THE NATIVE AMERICANS ChiefReject the Reservation Accept the Reservation Black Horse Horseback Lone Wolf Quanah Parker Striking Eagle

8. REFLECTION QUESTIONS, 17.1 1.What advantage did the Native Americans have over federal soldiers? 2.Why was the U.S. Army not able to stop Native American attacks before the Treaty of Medicine Lodge Creek? 3.Why did the Treaty of Medicine Lodge Creek fail? 4.Why was control of the land important to both Native American and Anglo settlers? 5.What are some of the alternative ways Lawrie Tatum could have approached his job? How did his personal beliefs affect his choices?

9. WEST TEXAS AT WAR Chapter 17, Section 2

10. VOCABULARY 1. Paunch 2. Sinew 3. Bill 4. Commissary

11. BATTLES OUTCOMES BattleOutcome Salt Creek Adobe Walls Palo Duro Canyon

12. BATTLES OUTCOMES BattleOutcome Salt Creek Three Kiowa chiefs are arrested and the peace policy is abandoned Adobe Walls Attacks increase on West Texas settlements and the army is put in charge of Native American affairs Palo Duro Canyon Army troops capture supplies and Native Americans surrender

13. WHY EVENTS HAPPENED EventPurpose Early Texas campaigns Buffalo hunts by Anglos Red River campaign

14. WHY EVENTS HAPPENED EventPurpose Early Texas campaignsTo establish peace in the South Plains Buffalo huts by AnglosTo sell the hides for profit and defeat the Plains groups Red River campaignTo push Native Americans onto the reservations

15. REFLECTION QUESTIONS 17.2 1.How did General Sherman’s thinking change during his tour of Texas? 2.Why did General Sheridan want the buffalo slaughtered? 3.What happened at the Battle of Palo Duro Canyon? 4.Why was the Battle of Palo Duro Canyon significant? 5.Why was is not possible for Native American and Anglo cultures to live together in peace? 6.How did the army’s policy of attacking Native Americans rather than defending settlements affect the Native Americans in West Texas?

16. FIGHTING ON THE RIO GRANDE Chapter 17, Section 3

17. VOCABULARY Renegade

18. IMPORTANT FACTS (2 EACH) Person/GroupImportant Facts Victorio 1. 2. Buffalo Soldiers 1. 2. Benjamin Grierson 1. 2. Texas Rangers 1. 2.

19. IMPORTANT FACTS (2 EACH) Person/GroupImportant Facts Victorio 1. Apache Chief 2. His defeat was the end of the Apache Wars in Texas Buffalo Soldiers 1. African Americans 2. Skilled and courageous who were sometimes treated unfairly by the Anglo-Americans Benjamin Grierson 1. Commanded African American troops 2. Forced the Apaches across the Rio Grande Texas Rangers 1. Went to establish peace in the lower Rio Grande Valley 2. May have mistreated Mexican Americans

20. EFFECTS OF THE FRONTIER WAR GroupEffects of Frontier Wars Native Americans Anglo Settlers Mexican Americans

21. EFFECTS OF THE FRONTIER WAR GroupEffects of Frontier Wars Native AmericansCulture was destroyed and were forced onto reservations Anglo SettlersCould move into West Texas without fear of raids Mexican AmericansLess lawlessness

22. REFLECTION QUESTIONS 17.3 1.Who was Chief Victorio? 2.What were three causes of declining Native American populations in Texas? 3.How were the buffalo soldiers important in the frontier battles? 4.With the coming of new farms and towns to the plains, how did life change for young Native Americans?

23. NOTES QUIZ 17.3 1.What were three causes of declining Native American populations in Texas? 2.What happened to many young Native Americans? 3.What two settlements started around military posts? 4.How were the buffalo soldiers important in the frontier battles?

24. DISCUSSION QUESTION 17.3 MLA format No more than 150 words As a member of the Texas Legislature, would you have voted to protect the buffalo? Explain why you would have voted that way.

25. FARMING AND RANCHING Chapter 18

26. ORIGINS OF THE CATTLE KINGDOM Chapter 18, Section 1

27. VOCABULARY 1.Open Range 2.Vaquero 3.Ranchero 4.Tallow 5.Stockyard 6.Drive 7.Drover 8.Wrangler 9.Quarantine

28. MOVING CATTLE ON THE CATTLE TRAILS Trail NameWhere it Ended Abilene, Kansas Great Western Trail Colorado

29. MOVING CATTLE ON THE CATTLE TRAILS Trail NameWhere it Ended Chisholm TrailAbilene, Kansas Great Western TrailDodge City, Kansas Goodnight-Loving TrailColorado

30. SEQUENCE THESE EVENTS A.Cattle raised on ranches. B.Farmers along cattle trails feared Texas Fever. C.Spanish explorers brought cattle to Texas. D.Early ranchers used the open range.

31. SEQUENCE THESE EVENTS 1.Spanish explorers brought cattle to Texas. 2.Early ranches used the open range. 3.Farmers along cattle trails feared Texas Fever. 4.Cattle raised on ranches.

32. REFLECTION QUESTIONS 18.1 1.What about Texas geography made the region ideal cattle country? 2.Why was South Texas considered ideal cattle country? 3.How did the railroads increase profits for the cattle industry? 4.What factors led to the end of cattle drives after 1885? 5.What changes made cattle ranching profitable after the Civil War?

33. THE DAYS OF THE BIG RANCHES Chapter 18, Section 2

34. VOCABULARY 1.Mustang 2.Felony

35. PROBLEM SOLVING INVENTIONS ProblemSolution Cattle herds trampled crops Fences blocked access to water

36. PROBLEM SOLVING INVENTIONS ProblemSolution Cattle herds trampled crops Barbed Wire Fences blocked access to water Windmills

37. BIG RANCHES Ranch OwnerRanch NameAcreage Henrietta King and Robert Kleberg 1 million JA Thomas Bugbee450,000 Hipolito Garcia

38. BIG RANCHES Ranch OwnerRanch NameAcreage Henrietta King and Robert Kleberg King Ranch1 million John Adair and Charles Goodnight JA1 million Thomas BugbeeShoe Bar450,000 Hipolito GarciaRandado Ranch80,000

39. REFLECTION QUESTIONS 18.2 1.In what way did ranching play a part in building the state capitol in Austin? 2.Who was the most successful inventor of barbed wire? 3.How did the ranches contribute to the cultural diversity of Texas? 4.What are the two reasons for the decline in cattle prices? 5.How did Mexican Americans contribute to cattle and sheep ranching?

40. NOTES QUIZ 18.2 1.What action did the Texas Legislature take to help cattle and sheep raisers protect their land? 2.Who owned the Randado Ranch? 3.What are the two reasons for the decline in cattle prices? 4.Who were Elizabeth Johnson Williams and Henrietta King? 5.Define felony.

41. FARMING AFTER THE CIVIL WAR Chapter 18, Section 3

42. VOCABULARY 1.Dry Farming 2.Tenant Farmer 3.Sharecropper

43. DEVELOPMENT OF FARMING IN TEXAS FactorEffect on Farming Cheaper Land Dry Farming Drought Railroad System

44. DEVELOPMENT OF FARMING IN TEXAS FactorEffect on Farming Cheaper LandBrought more new farmers to Texas Dry FarmingAllowed crops to grow in drier climates DroughtRuined many farmers Railroad SystemEncouraged farmers to settle in Texas

45. REFLECTION QUESTIONS 18.3 1.Identify the seven major cash crops produced in Texas at this time. 2.How did the arrival of railroads change farming in Texas? 3.Why did many farmers fail? 4.Why were many sharecroppers not successful?

46. DISCUSSION QUESTION 18.3 MLA format No more than 150 words Works Cited Page and Citation in Text are required Large plantations were too vast for one family to manage by themselves. With slaves set free, what options did the plantation owner have to find necessary workers?

47. POLITICS AND PROGRESS Chapter 19

48. VOCABULARY 1.Suffrage 2.Pension 3.Vigilante

49. LIMITED POWERS: THE CONSTITUTION OF 1876 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

50. LIMITED POWERS: THE CONSTITUTION OF 1876 1. Reduced the powers of the governor 2. Limited the legislature to meeting only every two years 3. Lowered taxes 4. Lowered government salaries 5. Reduced the spending on education 6. No voting rights for women

51. WHICH GOVERNOR? EventGovernor Public debt rose to $3 million Public debt rose to $5.5 million Pensions were cut

52. WHICH GOVERNOR? EventGovernor Public debt rose to $3 million Governor Coke Public debt rose to $5.5 million Governor Hubbard Pensions were cutGovernor Roberts

53. REFLECTION QUESTIONS 19.1 1.Why was the Constitution of 1869 replaced with a new constitution? 2.Which party did many African Americans support and why? 3.Why were women denied the right to vote for so long? 4.What constitution does Texas use today and about how many amendments are their to this constitution? 5.How did public officials reduce public spending and lower taxes?