2.  Oral cavity  Pharynx  Oesophagus  Small Intestine  Large intestine  Rectum & Anal canal  ACCESSORY ORGANS  Salivary glands  Liver  Pancreas  Biliary tract  Spleen

3.  Vestibule – between gums and cheek  Oral cavity proper – within teeth  Hard and Soft palate  Uvula  Palatine tonsil

4.  Attached to hyoid bone in its base  Anteriorly – Frenulum  Blood supply – Lingual Artery  Nerve supply  Anterior 2/3 : Taste – Facial (VII) Sensory – Lingual (V)  Posterior 1/3 : Taste & Sensory – Glossopharyngeal (IX)  Motor for tongue muscles – Hypoglossal (XII)

6. JAWINCISORSCANINEPREMOLARSMOLARSTOTAL DECIDUOUS TEETH 84-820 PERMANEN T TEETH 8481232 Teeth are embedded in sockets of mandible In children – Deciduous teeth – begins at 6 months In Adults – Permanent teeth – begins at 6 years

7.  3 Major salivary glands 1. Parotid 2. Submandibular 3. Sublingual  FUNCTION  Digestion  Lubrication  Defence  Taste

8.  Divided into 3 parts  Nasopharynx ▪ Respiration  Oropharynx ▪ Swallowing & respiration  Laryngopharynx ▪ Respiration

9.  25 cm - behind trachea  Continuous with oropharynx  Passes through diaphragm at T10 level  Esophageal sphincter  Upper – cricopharynx  Lower – Physiological (prevent reflux)

10.  Abdomen is divided into 9 quadrants  Vertical plane  Mid clavicular  Horizontal planes  Transpyloric  Transtubercular

11.  J shaped  Location  Epigastric  Umbilical  Left hypochondriac  PARTS  (See diagram )  Blood supply  Gastric A.  Gastroepiploic A.

12.  Little over 5 meters  Divided into  Duodenum  Jejunum  Ileum

13.  25 cms  Curves around head of pancreas  4 parts  Duodenal papilla  Secretions from bile duct & pancreas

14.  JEJUNUM  2 meters  ILEUM  3 meters  Ends in ileocecal valve  Presence of  Permanent circular folds  Villi  Peyer’s patches

15.  1.5 meters long  Divided into  Caecum & appendix  Ascending colon  Transverse colon  Descending colon  Sigmoid colon  Presence of  Taenia coli  Appendices epiploicae  Haustrations

16.  RECTUM  Continuous with sigmoid colon  Dilated segment  ANAL CANAL  3.8 cm  Controlled by sphincters ▪ Internal – involuntary ▪ External – voluntary

17.  Divided into  Head  Neck  Body  Tail  Location  Epigastric  Left hypochondrium  Major and minor pancreatic duct  Major duct joins with common biliary duct and opens into duodenal papillae

18.  Largest gland  Location  Right hypochondrium  Epigastrium  Left hypochondrium  Lobes  Right / Left  Caudate / Quadrate  Portal fissure  Portal vein  Hepatic artery  Hepatic duct

19.  Pear shape  Posterior surface of liver  Parts  Fundus  Body  Cystic duct

20.  Location  Left hypochondrium  Blood supply  Splenic Artery  Functions  Storage of blood  Destruction of old cells  Contains lymphocytes  Hemopoiesis