1. Table of Contents – Part B HINARI Resources –Clinical Evidence –Cochrane Library –EBM Guidelines –Essential Evidence Plus –HINARI EBM Journals

2. If you are interested in learning more about EBM, go to the online tutorial Introduction to Evidence-Based Medicine from the Health Sciences Library, University of North Carolina (USA): http://www.hsl.unc.edu/Services/Tutorials/ebm/welcome.htm

3. To access the HINARI Evidence-based Medicine resources, we must Login to the HINARI website using the URL http://www.who.int/hinari/

4. You need to enter your HINARI User Name and Password in the appropriate boxes, then click on the Login button. To have access to the full text articles, you must properly sign in. If you do not use the Internet Explorer Web browser, this slide will not appear (as of 01 April 2014). If you use Internet Explorer, you will continue to have a two-step login process.

5. Repeat the Login process on this 2 nd page and you will be redirected to the HINARI Contents page.

6. Remember - If you fail to use the Login page, you will have a second option on the Content page and we will open the Reference Sources page.

7. From the Reference Sources A-Z list, we now will click on the Cochrane Library link. The Cochrane Library contains high-quality, independent evidence including reliable evidence from Cochrane and other systematic reviews and clinical trials. It is published by John Wiley. Note the full-text reviews are available to Band 1 only while Abstracts can be accessed by all users.

8. The Cochrane Library COCHRANE LIBRARY : The Cochrane Collaboration. Oxford: Update Software;Cochrane Collaboration 1996-. Updated quarterly. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) – High-quality pre-evaluated systematic reviews from all over the world – International, not-for-profit organization – Complete reviews and protocols (reviews that are still in progress) – CDSR abstracts are in Medline but there is no link to full-text of the review Note: As of April 2013, the Cochrane Libraries is available to all Group A & Group B institutions.

9. The initial page of this site has a title, abstract or keyword option Search engine. You also can Browse Cochrane Database by broad subject heading. The initial page also highlights New and Updated Cochrane Reviews. We will go to the Advanced Search. Also from the initial page, there is a link to the Cochrane Journal Club.

10. We have opened the Advanced Search option where you can specify search fields and have the ability to combine terms using AND/OR/NOT operators. In this text Advanced Search, we have combined diarrhea child* using the Search All Text option with the wildcard (*) used to locate the terms child and children. Note that you also can complete a MeSH Search, look at your Search History or Saved Searches.

11. The Advanced Search results for diarrhea child* has retrieved 451 records from the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. You have the option to Export All Results (save). Note: if the results of your search are too many, you can narrow it by limiting the keyword search to Title instead of Search All Text.

12. The screen displays the Abstract of the first systematic review listed in the search - Oral zinc for treating diarrhoea in children. To access the full-text review, click on the Full PDF hypertext link in the left column. Other options are Summary and Standard. Also note the hypertext links to specific sections of the systematic review.

13. We have displayed the Abstract of the systematic review that includes the Background, Objectives, Search strategy, Selection criteria, Data collection and analysis and Main Results.

14. The final section of the Abstract is titled Plain language summary. This section is useful for disseminating the results to groups of health workers and patients. Also note the Main results and author’s conclusions (the ‘bottom line’) as these sections discuss the review’s results and how they should be used.

15. We have displayed the PDF Full version of the Oral zinc for treating diarrhoea in children systematic review. Other options include Summary and Standard files. Note: The url that contains http://hinari- gw.who.int/whalecom... shows that we have logged in to HINARI properly and will have access to the full-text version of this review.http://hinari- gw.who.int/whalecom

16. From the Advanced Search page of the Cochrane Library, we have clicked on the Cochrane Reviews: By Topic hyperlink. This has displayed the Topics for Cochrane Reviews. From this extensive list, you have another option for locating subject- specific material. Note that there are other search lists including an A-Z list, Updated Reviews and New Reviews.

17. For more training material, you can click on The Cochrane Library Help hyperlink. We have opened the Search Manual. Another option is a listing of Web Updates.

18. We now access the third Reference Sources option for evidence-based health information - EBM Guidelines.

19. From the Reference Sources list, we have opened the initial page of EBM Guidelines Evidence-Based Medicine. Also published by John Wiley, this resource is a collection of clinical guidelines for primary care combined with evidence-based research. You can Search by keyword or Browse database contents by EBM Guidelines, Evidence summaries, Pictures, Audio samples, Videos and Programs.

20. We have completed a keyword search for Influenza. The results page includes summaries of the key issues including Related resources and References and links to important websites. Also included are links to the Evidence summaries.

21. We have displayed the first Evidence summary. Each link contains a brief review of the study and notes the reference(s).

22. From the Reference Sources list, we have opened the initial page of Essential Evidence Plus. Also published by John Wiley, it includes access to Cochrane Library and also a series of databases and tools to access the EBM material. By keyword, you can Search all or some of the databases.

23. We have opened the EBMG evidence summaries database that, via broad subject categories, has access to 4312 articles.

24. We have opened the initial page of EBMG evidence summaries listing for Infectious disease. Material is listed by either a summary view or expanded view that includes a sentence describing each entry.

25. From the Reference Sources list, we have opened the initial page of EBM Guidelines Evidence-Based Medicine. Also published by John Wiley, this resource is a collection of clinical guidelines for primary care combined with evidence-based research. You can Search by keyword or Browse database contents by EBM Guidelines, Evidence summaries, Pictures, Audio samples, Videos and Programs. We have opened the (Patient- Oriented Evidence that Matters listing) POEMs research summaries database that, has 4500+ articles and is organized by Date or Category.

26. HINARI Evidence-Based Journals (other journals may have EBM articles) We have browsed the ‘E’ in the HINARI Find journals by title list and it notes several journals for evidence-based practice.