2. Diversity of Organisms zLiving organisms are found almost everywhere on earth. zThey vary widely in many features. e.g.: size, shape, behaviour zIt is impossible to study all the living organisms one by one. zTo deal with such a huge number of life forms, we must have some system of putting them into groups.

3. Order of Classification zall organisms will be classified into different kingdoms on the basis of characteristic features like: k level of organization, k complexity and k mode of nutrition. zThe four kingdoms are the bacteria kingdom; the protist kingdom, the plant kingdom and the animal kingdom.

4. Order of Classification zEach kingdom is split into smaller groups called phyla (Sing: phylum)(divisions in plants). Each phylum is further split into classes, and so on. zSuch gradual division are listed below: yKingdom( 界 ) Phylum or Division( 門 ) Class( 綱 ) Order( 目 ) Family( 科 ) Genus( 屬 ) Species( 種 )

5. Naming of organism zFor better communication, scientists use a binomial system for naming the organisms. zEach kind of living organism has a scientific name which composed of two parts. zThis scientific name is different from the common name.

6. Naming of organism zThe first part of the scientific name is the name of the genus it belongs to and is known as the generic name. zThe generic name always begins with a capital letter and the specific name always begins with a small letter. zWhen handwritten or typed, the scientific name should always be underlined. In print, they are in italics.

7. Naming of organism zExamples: