1. POSC 2200 – Conclusion Russell Alan Williams Department of Political Science

2. Unit Seven: Conclusion “Globalization and the Future of International Politics” Required Reading: Globalization of World Politics, Chapters 32 and 33. Globalization of World Politics, Chapters 32 and 33. David Held, Anthony, McGrew, David Goldblatt and Jonathan Perraton, “Globalization,” Global Governance, Vol. 5 Issue 4, (Oct-Dec 1999), Pp. 483-497. David Held, Anthony, McGrew, David Goldblatt and Jonathan Perraton, “Globalization,” Global Governance, Vol. 5 Issue 4, (Oct-Dec 1999), Pp. 483-497.Outline: 1. Introduction 2. The Challenge of Global Governance 3. Globalization

3. 1) Introduction: “Globalization” means that societies are more interconnected then in past “Globalization” means that societies are more interconnected then in past “Post-Westphalian” state system “Post-Westphalian” state system = “Deterritorialization” of politics, society and economics

4. Example: Held et al. “Globalization” “Globalization” links many of the contemporary international politics challenges “Globalization” links many of the contemporary international politics challenges Argue: Globalization may have been developing for a long time, but we are now in a definitively different era Argue: Globalization may have been developing for a long time, but we are now in a definitively different era Evidence? Evidence? Societies more diverse then ever = states losing control over culture Societies more diverse then ever = states losing control over culture “Global governance” eroding “sovereignty” “Global governance” eroding “sovereignty” Security is “multilateral” not state-centric Security is “multilateral” not state-centric Economies are more integrated then ever and pressure on for policy “harmonization” Economies are more integrated then ever and pressure on for policy “harmonization” Environmental challenges Environmental challenges

5. Example: Held et al. “Globalization” Implications???? Implications???? Need a fundamental rethink of modern political structures Need a fundamental rethink of modern political structures Who are “we”? Who are “we”? How do “we” want to exert control over our world? How do “we” want to exert control over our world? Are notions of “sovereignty”, “national security” and interstate competition adequate??? Are notions of “sovereignty”, “national security” and interstate competition adequate???

6. 2) The Challenge of Global Governance: Array of new topics in world politics challenges state centric/realist approaches to IR... Array of new topics in world politics challenges state centric/realist approaches to IR... Many practical issues require coordination to overcome “collective action problems” Many practical issues require coordination to overcome “collective action problems” E.g. Self interested behavior by states fearful of cheating will make problems worse E.g. Self interested behavior by states fearful of cheating will make problems worse Think of nuclear proliferation! Think of nuclear proliferation! Similar dynamics in many areas.... Similar dynamics in many areas....

7. High need for cooperation: High need for cooperation: = “Global Governance”: The “loose” system of international institutions, organizations and norms that constrain the policy choices of individual states. Intensification in recent decades is a logical reflection of “globalization”, however... Intensification in recent decades is a logical reflection of “globalization”, however... Regardless of the depth of globalization, or the effectiveness of “global governance”, this trend is conceptually problematic(?) Regardless of the depth of globalization, or the effectiveness of “global governance”, this trend is conceptually problematic(?)

8. 1) Undermines the basis of “nation states” which were key to the “Westphalian State System” 2) State legitimacy based on democracy does not match realities of “global governance” States have less power than we believe = crisis in western liberalism? States have less power than we believe = crisis in western liberalism? Can global “Civil Society” fix this problem? Can global “Civil Society” fix this problem? What about non democracies? What about non democracies?

9. 3) Highlights issues raised by the “Clash of Civilizations”: Idea that there is a divide between major global civilizations (not states) along cultural and ideological lines. E.g. Liberal, pro-globalization west versus Islamic society E.g. Liberal, pro-globalization west versus Islamic society Advocates of western ideas have no “special” legitimacy Advocates of western ideas have no “special” legitimacy Academic idea popularized during “War on Terror” Academic idea popularized during “War on Terror” =A future of increasing conflict over culture

10. Final Exam: Time:3:00-5:00pm, April 19 Location:ED3034A Format:Three Sections 1. Multiple Choice (25%) Covers 2 nd half of course (since the mid-term) Covers 2 nd half of course (since the mid-term) 2. Short Answer (25%) – Do Five out of Six Covers whole course Covers whole course 3. Essay Question (50%) – Three questions focusing on thematic issues raised by illustrative readings – you will answer one Covers whole course Covers whole course