1. FRIDAY!!! Friday! FRIDAY! FRIDAY!!! Welcome back! Bellringer: – Free choice Friday! Please write at least three well-developed sentences about any school-appropriate topic of your choice. Don’t forget that your paragraph on the Spanish-American War is due Monday!

2. Editorial cartoon, p. 354 What is on the bill of fare, or menu, in this restaurant? Which president does the waiter portray? What seems to be Uncle Sam’s attitude toward the offerings on the menu?

3. The U.S. and Puerto Rico What happened in Puerto Rico in July, 1898? – The U.S. invaded it during the Spanish- American War. – Read about it here.here How did the United States acquire the territory of Puerto Rico? – It was ceded (given up) by Spain to the U.S. as one of the terms of the Treaty of Paris, which ended the Spanish-American War.

4. The U.S. and Puerto Rico Paternalism is the attitude or actions of a person or organization that protects people and gives them what they need but does not give them any responsibility or freedom of choice. Read the quote from U.S. Gen. Nelson Miles on p. 353. Does this term, paternalism, apply to the United States’ treatment of Puerto Rico? Why or why not?

5. The U.S. and Puerto Rico The Foraker Act of 1901 ended military rule and set up a civil government The U.S. president could appoint Puerto Rico’s governor and members of the upper house of the legislature Puerto Ricans could elect the members of the legislature’s lower house

6. The U.S. and Puerto Rico Governor Upper house Lower house Appointed Elected

7. The U.S. and Puerto Rico Also at issue: Whether constitutional rights applied to Puerto Ricans … which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled they did not – The Constitution does not “follow the flag” – Meant that many people living under U.S. “protection” did not have the same rights as U.S. citizens living stateside Statehood is still a very important (and very controversial) issue in Puerto Rico TODAY!TODAY

8. The U.S. in the Philippines The U.S. gained control of the Philippines in the treaty ending the war against Spain But, as it turned out, Filipinos wanted their independence – not to be transferred to another colonial power Every movement needs a leader … Who was the Filipino leader for independence? – Emilio Aguinaldo

9. The U.S. in the Philippines Read the section on the Philippine-American War on p. 355. Fill in the blanks in your note guide to the section on China.

10. The U.S. in the Philippines Philippine-American War: – When did the U.S. gain control of the Philippines? – When did the Filipinos revolt? – What sort of tactics were involved? – Analogies: Cuba : Spain :: __________________ : _________

11. The U.S. in the Philippines Philippine-American War: – What role did race play in the war? – How long did the war last? – What were the impacts to the American and Filipino sides?

12. The U.S. in the Philippines Philippine-American War: – In what way did the U.S. and Filipinos compromise after the war? – What finally happened in 1946?

13. The U.S. and China The U.S. felt it was necessary to intervene and have a presence in China because of the huge markets (new customers!) there Five foreign countries had established settlements on the Chinese coast – Spheres of influence: Areas where each nation claimed special rights and economic privileges

14. The U.S. and China John Hay was the U.S. Secretary of State He feared American might be shut out of the economic game in China To avoid this, he issued the Open Door notes in 1899 – Series of letters addressed to imperialist nations – Proposed a sharing agreement – the “open door” – Designed to avoid any country developing a monopoly on trade in China – Other countries didn’t like it, but they grudgingly agreed

15. The U.S. in China But, as it turned out, the Chinese didn’t like being colonized, either! The Boxers was one secret group that existed to try to rid China of “foreign devils” Boxers attacked and killed hundreds of missionaries and other foreigners, including Chinese converts to Christianity International forces put down the Boxer Rebellion, August-November 1900 Thousands of Chinese were also killed

16. The U.S. in China After the Boxer Rebellion, Hay issued a second set of Open Door notes The Open Door policy reflected three deep beliefs about the U.S. economy: – Americans believed their economic growth depended on exports, products made in your country and sent to another country – The U.S. had a right to intervene abroad to keep foreign markets open – Closures of areas to American products, citizens, or ideas threatened U.S. survival

17. U.S. imperialism How did the U.S. expand its influence in: – Puerto Rico? – The Philippines? – China?