1. NEUROSCIENCE AS AN INTEGRATED DISCIPLINE

2. BASIC NEUROSCIENCES NEUROCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
NEUROCYTOLOGY
CELLULAR NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
NEUROHISTOLOGY
NEUROPHARMACOLOGY (NEUROTOXICOLOGY, NEUROTERATOLOGY)
NEUROANATOMY (CONNECTIONAL, CHEMICAL, COMPARATIVE)
DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROBIOLOGY
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE (PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY)
NEROETHOLOGY
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY (BEHAVIORAL PHARMACOLOGY)
“COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE” (IMAGING)
EVOLUTIONARY NEUROBIOLOGY

3. CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES
NEUROLOGY
NEURORADIOLOGY
NEUROSURGERY
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY
PSYCHIATRY
NEUROREHABILATION
NEUROPATHOLOGY
NEURAL ENGINERING

4. WHY ARE THERE SO MANY NEUROSCIENCES
DIFFERENT THINGS STUDIES
NORMAL STRUCTURE
NORMAL FUNCTION
ABNORMAL STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
EVOLUTION (OF STRUCTURE OR FUNCTION)
DIFFERENT LEVELS EXAMINED

6. RULES OF LIFE

7. EMERGENCE

8. LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
MOLECULES
CELLS
LOCAL CIRCUITS (NUCLEI)
“BRAIN”

11. The neuron - all neurons - are very polarized
The neuron - all neurons - are very polarized. They receive inputs in the dendrites and transmit information to the axon terminals 11

12. NEURONAL CLASSIFICATIONS
NUMBER OF DENDRITES
SHAPE OF CELL BODY & DENDRITES
PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF SPINES
AXONAL MORPHOLOGY
CHEMICAL IDENTITY

18. NEUROPIL
From Peters, Palay & Webster (1976).

24. The cell biology of different neuronal compartments also vary substantially.
For example, the soma and dendrites contain the Golgi apparatus, but not the axons.
This simple fact has implications for signaling, and neurodegenerative disorders

25. The complex neuronal structure is underpinned by three different filamentous proteins.

26. The vertebrate adaptation of myelination has very profound implications for signaling and scaling in the nervous system 26

27. Even when represented simply, neuronal structure may be very complex