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Reproduction of Cells Asexual Vs Sexual Reproduction.

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Presentation on theme: "Reproduction of Cells Asexual Vs Sexual Reproduction."— Presentation transcript:

1 Reproduction of Cells Asexual Vs Sexual Reproduction

2 Asexual Reproduction Single parent passes complete copy of genetic information to its offspring – Identical to parent 4 types – Binary fission – Fragmentation – Budding – Parthenogenesis

3 Binary Fission DNA duplicates -> Cell grows -> Cell splits

4 Fragmentation Body breaks into several pieces and grow new parts or whole organism

5 Budding New individuals split off from existing ones

6 Parthenogensis Female makes viable egg that grows into an adult without being fertilized by male

7 Sexual Reproduction Genetic material given to offspring by two individuals – Offspring are genetically different from parents – Gametes Reproductive cell (sperm or egg) – Division of germ cell – Haploid cells created through meiosis Union produces zygote

8 Meiosis Cell reduces chromosome number in new cells to half the number of the original cell Sperm and egg (1n each, haploid) – Combine result in zygote (2n, diploid)

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10 Meiosis Interphase Begins with duplicate set of chromosomes like mitosis Two divisions results in four (1n, haploid) cells – Meiosis I and Meiosis II

11 Meiosis I Prophase – Chromosomes condense – Spindle fibers form – Homologous chromosomes line up next to each other (synapsis) – Tetrads align side by side Twist around each other Portion breaks off to the adjacent chromatid – Crossing – over results in new mix of genetic information

12 Meiosis I Similar to mitosis – Metaphase I – Anaphase I Independent assortment – Telophase I Results in two cells with a chromosome from each pair of homologous chromosomes

13 Meiosis II Prophase II, no duplication of chromosomes Metaphase II Anaphase II – Chromatids separate Telophase II Cytokinesis II – 4 new genetically different haploid cells

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15 Genetic Variation Crossing – over Independent assortment Random fertilization

16 Development of Gametes Testes in males – Spermatogenesis to create sperm Ovaries in females – Oogenesis to create ova – 1 egg and 3 polar bodies

17 Karyote


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