1. Effect of Seeding Rate on Paired- 15-Inch and Single-38-Inch Row Cotton Yield Daniel O. Stephenson, IV, Shawn W. Lancaster, and Alan B. Beach Northeast Research and Extension Center

2. 15-Inch Cotton: What are you talking about?

3. 15-Inch Cotton: What does it look like? Solid 15-inch Rows – Flat Planted 15” apart

4. 15-Inch Cotton: What does it look like? Paired 15-inch Rows – Planted on Raised Beds 36,38, or 40” center 15” apart 21, 23, or 25” middle 15” apart 36,38, or 40” center

5. 2006 Research  Planting Pattern x Seeding Rate Paired-15-inch and Single-38-inch rows 25,000, 40,000, 45,000, 55,000, and 65,000 seeds/acre

6. Paired 15-Inch vs. Single 38-inch cotton Northeast Research and Extension Center – Keiser, AR University Research Farm at the Judd Hill Plantation – Trumann, AR

7. Paired 15-Inch vs. Single 38-inch cotton Judd Hill –Dundee Silt Loam –38” raised bed spacing –Stoneville 4554 B2RF –Planted May 31 st –Harvested: October 12 th Keiser –Sharkey Clay –38” raised bed spacing –Stoneville 4554 B2RF –Planted: May 30 th –Did not harvest!!!!!!

8. Paired 15-Inch vs. Single 38-inch cotton Hipper-Bedder Hipper-Roller

9. Paired 15-Inch vs. Single 38-inch cotton Category 3 Hook-ups

10. Paired 15-Inch vs. Single 38-inch cotton Both sites furrow-irrigated

11. Paired 15-Inch vs. Single 38-inch cotton KeiserJudd Hill DOPMay 30May 31 Fertility215 lbs/A 0-13-41 – Oct 24, 2005 65 lb N/A (urea) – June 1654 lb N/A (urea) – May 15 50 lb N/A (urea) – Aug. 136 lb N/A (urea) – July 10 HerbicideCotoran @ 1 qt/A – May 30Prowl @ 1.5 pt/A + Cotoran 1.5 pt/A – April 24 RWM @ 23 oz/A – June 9RWM @ 16 oz/A + Staple @ 1 oz/A – June 16 RWM @ 23 oz/A – June 26 InsecticideTrimax @ 1.5 oz/A – July 21Bidrin 8 @ 3 oz/A – June 15 Orthene @ 0.6 lb/A – Aug. 1 Growth Mgnt.Pix @ 12 oz/A – July 20 Pix @ 16 oz/A – Aug. 3 Defoliation FirstPick @ 16 oz/A + Aim @ 0.33 oz/A + COC @ 0.25 % v/v – Sept. 22 Finish @ 1 qt/A + Ginstar @ 4 oz/A – Sept. 24 Dropp @ 6.4 oz/A + Folex @ 1 pt/A + FirstPick @ 12 oz/A – Oct. 2

12. Paired 15-Inch vs. Single 38-inch cotton A B A B

13. Growth of a cotton plant

14. Paired 15-Inch vs. Single 38-inch cotton Plant Mapping – COTMAP –Plant Structure FN = 1 st fruiting node M = # of monopodial (vegetative) branches S = # of sympodial (fruiting) branches ES = Highest sympodial branch with boll in 1 st position H2 = # of sympodial branches with 2 nodes TN = # of total nodes PHT = Plant height IL = Internode length

15. Paired 15-Inch vs. Single 38-inch cotton Plant Mapping – COTMAP –Yield Variables TB = # of total bolls B1 = % of TB in 1 st position B2 = % of TB in 2 nd position OB = % of TB in outer positions MB = % of TB as monopodial branch bolls XB = % of TB as axillary bolls BR1 = retention of 1 st position bolls BR2 = Retention of 2 nd position bolls EBR = Sum of 1 st & 2 nd position bolls on lowest 5 sympodial branches

16. Judd Hill Plantation Dundee Silt Loam

17. Plant Structure Variables – Judd Hill A B a b

18. Single-38” Paired-15” Paired-15” vs. Single-38” No differences in: –# of monopodial branches –# of sympodial branches –# of sympodial with 2 nodes –# of sympodial with boll in 1st position –# of total nodes Seeding Rate No differences in any variable

19. Yield Variables – Judd Hill B1 = % total bolls in 1 st position BR2 = Retention of 2 nd position bolls a bc ab c c a b b

20. Seed Cotton Yield – Judd Hill NO DIFFERENCE IN YIELD!

21. Northeast Res. & Ext. Cntr. – Keiser Sharkey Clay

22. Plant Structure Variables – Keiser S = # of sympodial branches TN = # of total nodes Internode length –single-38” > paired-15” a b a b

23. Plant Structure Variables - Keiser aa b b b a bc ab bc c S = # of sympodial branches TN = # of total nodes

24. Plant Structure Variables – Keiser a d c b c No Difference

25. Yield Variables – Keiser B1 = % total bolls in 1 st position BR1 = Retention of 1 st position bolls a b a b

26. Yield Variables – Keiser a b a bb c c

27. 25,000 17,500 40,000 28,000 45,000 31,500 55,000 38,500 65,000 45,500 Seed/Acre Plants/Acre Based on 70% survival that was observed a b

28. Yield Variables – Keiser Based on 100 bolls = 1 lb seed cotton Seed Cotton Yield

29. Summary Judd Hill – Silt loam soil type –Plant height & internode length Paired-15” < Single-38” –No difference in yield –Growth management! 28 oz/A Pix applied!

30. Summary Keiser – Clay soil type –Paired-15” > Single-38” cotton # of sympodial branches # of total nodes –NOT plant height –Single-38” > Paired-15” cotton % total bolls in 1 st position Retention of bolls in 1 st position

31. Summary Keiser – Clay soil type –Paired-15” > Single-38” cotton Total bolls/plant Total bolls/acre (based upon 70% survival) Seed cotton yield (based on 100 bolls = 1 lb seed cotton) –No seeding rate effect

32. Conclusions Research on best seeding rate for paired- 15” and solid-15” is still on-going 15” cotton may provide a benefit to producers who farm “less than exceptional” cotton land

33. Planned Future Research Planting pattern x seeding rate –Planting pattern Paired-15” (on 38”-raised beds) Paired-7.5” (on 38”-raised beds) Single-38” (on 38”-raised beds) –Seeding rate 20,000 35,000 45,000 55,000 65,000 75,000 90,000 Planting pattern x seeding configuration –Planting pattern Paired-15” (on 38”-raised beds) Paired-7.5” (on 38”-raised beds) Single-38” (on 38”-raised beds) –Seeding configuration Drill-type seed plate –Various seeding rates Hill-drop-type seed plate –2-hole @ various seeding rates –3-hole @ various seeding rates

34. Questions?