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3. 1. Cells have certain structures that perform specific jobs. o Build and move stuff  Ribosomes, SER (lipids), RER (proteins)  Golgi and SER/RER; vesicles o Break stuff down  Lysosomes, peroxisomes o Process energy  Mitochondria, chloroplast o Maintain support/Regulate Entry  Cytoskeleton (MT, MF), cell wall; cell membrane Big Ideas!

4. Problems Cells Solve

10.  Which cell part modifies (changes), sorts, and packages proteins for the cell’s use? a. Smooth ER b. Golgi Body c. Chloroplast d. Nucleus

11.  Which of the following is NOT found in a plant cell? a. Cell Wall b. Cytoplasm c. Mitochondria d. Centrioles (with centrosomes) e. Vacuole

12.  This biomolecule is used in the cell to store energy and takes the formula of CH 2 O. a. Protein b. Carbohydrate c. Lipid d. Nucleic Acid

13. Part 1 is the ______________. a.Mitochondria b.Cytoplasm c.Centrioles d.Nucleus e.Nucleolus

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15. Part 7 is the ______________. a.Mitochondria b.Cytoplasm c.Cell membrane d.Nucleus e.Nucleolus

16. Part 3 is the ______________. a.Ribosome b.Cytoplasm c.Cell membrane d.Nucleus e.Nucleolus

18. o Cells use passive and active transport to move materials through the cell membrane. Big Idea!

19. Problems Cells Solve

20. o Diffusion o Facilitated Diffusion o Osmosis o Active Transport o Permeable o Semi-permeable o Non-permeable o Concentration gradient

23. Diffusion: o The movement of molecules of any substance so that they spread out evenly into available space.

24. o Diffusion must follow these rules: 1. Cannot use ATP energy 2. Always moves molecules along the concentration gradient. In other words, diffusion always goes “down hill”. High concentration Low concentration

25. o Active Transport is describe by these traits: o Uses ATP energy o Moves molecules against the concentration gradient. o In other words, it always goes “up hill”. o Low concentration high concentration

26.  Substances that move materials across a cell’s membrane (from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration) and use channel proteins but no energy, are an example of facilitated diffusion. a. True b. False

27.  When materials move across a membrane, the membrane is considered to be ________ to the materials. a. Non-permeable b. Semi-permeable c. Permeable d. None of the above

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29.  While cleaning a salt-water aquarium (with plants adapted to salt water), students remove the plants and place them in a container of distilled water (100% water). Assume that the salt-water plants have a solute concentration of 10% salt inside the cell. What effect will this change in environment have on the plant cells? a. The plant cells will separate from each other. b. The plant cells will shrink. c. The plant cells will expand. d. The plant cells will neither shrink nor expand.

30.  Active transport follows two basic rules: 1) ATP energy is used and 2) molecules move across the cell membrane from areas of high (low) concentration to areas of low (high) concentration. a. True b. False

31. Problems Cells Solve

32.  Osmosis allows water to pass through the cell membrane. Big Idea!

33. 1) Osmosis: diffusion of water 2) Solute: solid dissolved in a liquid 3) Solvent: liquid in which solid is dissolved 4) Solution: combined solid and liquid 5) Hypotonic: solution that has a lower concentration than inside a cell. 6) Hypertonic: solution that has a higher concentration compared to the inside a cell. 7) Isotonic: solution that has the same concentration compared to the inside a cell.

34.  Water moves from areas of more water to areas of less water until equilibrium is reached.  In other words, it is the diffusion of water.

35.  Water will travel down its concentration gradient (from high to low).  Requires no ATP energy

37.  Isotonic Solution:  Solute concentration is equal (inside and outside).  Water concentration is equal (inside and outside)  Effect: No change in cell shape or size.

38. Isotonic

39.  Hypotonic Solution:  Solute concentration outside the cell the cell is less than inside.  Water concentration outside the cell is greater than inside.  Effect: Cell will expand.

40. Hypotonic

41.  Hypertonic Solution:  Solute concentration outside the cell is greater than inside.  Water concentration outside the cell is less than outside.  Effect: Cell shrinks

42. Hypertonic

43.  True or False: The cell is in a hypertonic solution. a. True b. False

44.  True or False: Predict the future of this cell. a. Take in water and expand b. Lose water and shrink c. Stay the same

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