1. Image of Nursing in the Media Kelli Howland

2. Objectives 0 Define nursing, image, and media 0 Apply a nursing theory and non-nursing theory 0 Identify policies, resources, quality and safety issues, and assumptions 0 Review a root cause analysis 0 State Inferences, implications, and consequences 0 Discuss recommendations for quality and safety improvements

3. Media and You

4. One:

5. Two:

6. Three:

7. Four:

8. Five:

9. So, what’s the issue?

10. Relevancy to Nursing 0 TV Depiction http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BVzgaQbP2i4 0 Social Media Problem http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lhhJab2LMRs

11. Definitions Nursing Image Media Stereotype

12. Image of Nurses In the media Doctor’s handmaiden Ministering angel Battleaxe “Naughty” nurse/Whore Predominantly female Incompetent Bossy and stern Real life Trustworthy Patient Advocates Strong Intelligent Dedicated Caring Compassionate Professional

13. Supporting Research 0 Angels and swingers, matrons and sinners: nursing stereotypes. 0 The image of you: constructing nursing identities in YouTube. 0 Impact of the perceived public image of nursing on nurses’ work behavior. 0 Combatting negative images of nursing.

14. Theory Base

15. Environmental Theory Florence Nightingale 0 5 components of Environment 0 External influences 0 4 overall concepts 0 Person 0 Environment 0 Health 0 Nursing

16. Social Learning Theory Albert Bandura 0 Idea that learning occurs in a social environment. 0 By observing others, people acquire knowledge of rules, skills, strategies, beliefs, and attitudes.

17. Assessment of the Healthcare Environment

18. Policies & Resources 0 Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) 0 White Paper: A Nurse’s Guide for Use of Social Media (https://www.ncsbn.org/Social_Media.pdf)https://www.ncsbn.org/Social_Media.pdf 0 ANA website: www.nursingworld.orgwww.nursingworld.org

19. Policies & Resources

20. Quality and Safety Issues 0 Staffing Shortages 0 Lack of trust 0 Disrespect 0 Frustration 0 Poor nurse-patient relationship

21. Assumptions 0 The nurse can not fix medias image 0 Media’s image of nursing doesn’t affect real nurses 0 TV shows are good at portraying nursing

22. Root Cause Analysis

23. Nancy, a 24 year old nurse was hired 6 months ago on a pediatric critical care floor. Today, a 3 month old was admitted at 4pm with a diagnosis of shaken baby syndrome and Nancy was assigned as her nurse. This was Nancy’s first time caring for a patient with this type of injury. When Nancy received report on the 3 month old, she was told that the father had been watching the child all day and he put her down for a nap, then when tried to wake her, she didn’t move. The injuries the patient has are consistent with having been shaken so the father is still being questioned. Nancy was instructed to be a one-to-one with the 3 month old and to monitor who visits the child.

24. At 5pm, Nancy gets a call from the physician that he has put in a new order for a surgical procedure and transport is on their way to get the patient now. Once the patient has left the room, Nancy cant help but is sit and wonder what would ever make a parent due such a horrific thing to their child. Nancy takes out her phone and takes a picture of the empty bed and many monitoring devices. She uploads the picture to Instagram and adds the caption, “Some things a nurse can’t even explain. How can a parent hurt their child? #baby #nurse #Critical Care.” Nancy’s shift ends before the patient returns. The following day when Nancy comes to work, her manager pulls her aside and says she was sent Nancy’s Instagram picture. The manager explains that even though she may have not noticed, on white board behind one of the monitors, the patient’s first name was visible. The manager terminated her employment.

25. RCA Analysis What happened? What went wrong? Why did it occur? What would you do to prevent it in the future?

26. Inferences/ Implications & Consequences

27. Inferences/Implications/ Consequences 0 Portrayal of nursing is more negative than positive 0 Decreases the nurses job performance 0 Nurse dissatisfaction (turnover) 0 Lessen recruitment new nurse 0 Low nurse self-image 0 Compromised patient-nurse relationship

28. Recommendations for Quality and Safety Improvements

29. Recommendations 0 Promote positive image 0 Actively educate others nursing roles 0 Join professional nursing organizations 0 American Nurses Association (ANA) 0 National Student Nurses Association (NSNA) 0 Sigma Theta Tau (STT) 0 Establish a groups and committee in communities

30. ANA Standards Standard 14: Professional Practice Evaluation Standard 11: Communication Standard 12: Leadership Standard 13: Collaboration

31. QSEN Competencies 0 Patient-centered Care 0 Teamwork and Collaboration 0 Evidenced-based practice 0 Quality improvement 0 Informatics 0 Safety

32. Now, it’s our time to promote.. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D4G3DXY_VKI

33. QUESTIONS

35. References 0 American Nurses Association. (2010). Nursing scope and standards of practice. Silver Spring, MD. 0 American Nurses Association. (2011). Principles for social networking and the nurse. Silver Spring, MD: Author. 0 American Nurses Association. (2014). What is nursing? Retrieved from http://www.nursingworld.org/EspeciallyForYou/What-is-Nursing 0 Current Nursing. (2011). Nursing theorists. Retrieved from http://currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/nursing_theorists.html 0 Ferns, T., & Chojnacka, I. (2005). Angels and swingers, matrons and sinners: nursing stereotypes. British Journal of Nursing. 14(19), 1028-1032. 0 Isom, M. (1998). The social learning theory. Retrieved from http://www.criminology.fsu.edu/crimtheory/bandura.htm 0 Kelly, J., Fealy, G., & Watson, R. (2012). The image of you: constructing nursing identities in YouTube. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 68(8), 1804- 1816.

36. References Cont. 0 McNally, G. (2009). Combatting negative images of nursing. Kai Tiaki Nursing in New Zealand. 15(10), 19-21. 0 Oxford University Press. (2014). Oxford Dictionary. Oxford University Press, Oxford. 0 QSEN. (2014). Pre-licensure ksa’s. Retrieved from http://qsen.org/competencies/pre-licensure-ksas/ 0 Schaefer, S., & Miller, M. (2013). MTV to alter O.C nursing reality show ‘scrubbing in’ protests. Retrieved from: http://articles.latimes.com/2013/nov/20/local/la-me-ln-mtv-oc-nursing- reality-show-20131120 0 Takase, M., Maude, P., & Manias E. (2006). Impact of the perceived public image of nursing on nurses’ work behavior. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 53(3), 333-343.