1. Brief Response
Explain how the agricultural revolution helped to bring about the Industrial Revolution.

2. Brief Response Answer:
The Industrial Revolution was made possible by changes in agriculture that made farm output more efficient.
they rotated crops and mixed soils together to increase yields.
Inventions such as the seed drill also helped agriculture.
In the 1700s, wealthy landowners used enclosure to consolidate land formerly worked by peasants into larger landholdings that could be farmed more efficiently.
These changes increased farm output in Britain which created a surplus of food.
A better diet improved the general health of the population, along with medicines and improved sanitation.
These factors contributed to a population explosion throughout the 1700s.
The increased population created a ready workforce for industry with a demand for goods from the newly industrialized economy.

3. Industrialization and Social Change
p. 178

4. Rapidly changing lifestyle
Industrialization changed the lifestyle of millions of people in a matter of a generation.
It still does today.
It brought rapid urbanization and
created a new industrial middle class
and an educated industrial working class.
It brought material benefits and new opportunities,
but also brought great hardships too
factory workers and miners,
Working women and children.

5. Urbanization: C growth of towns and cities.
Many people migrated from the farmlands because of the enclosure movement happening there.
Other workers were attracted by new job opportunities in new factories.
Industrialization improved life for the middle class
but the working class worked long hours for low pay and lived in wretched conditions.

6. Tenement: C
there was no real housing for the new people, so landlords converted multi-story buildings into apartments.
Often one-room
Often 6-7 dwellers

7. Labor union: C
workers organized to protect themselves from their companies’ abuses. Also demanded
better working conditions,
better pay,
job security.
EC: Later union demands would add: (6)
Benefits:
vacation;
overtime pay;
medical insurance,
dental insurance,
optical insurance,
retirement

8. Homework
Begin Classwork

9. Image, Graph Skills, p. 179
Question:
About 6 million

10. Standards Check, p. 179 Question: Changes in farming…..
displaced farmers
caused population growth
increased demand for workers

11. Standards Check, p. 180 Question: Some staged futile protests
Others turned to Methodism

12. Primary Source, p. 181 Question: Workers in the factories and mines
Had a rigid work schedule
Worked long hours
Could not take breaks when they wanted

13. Standards Check, p. 182 Question:
Men, women, and children worked long hours in unsafe conditions, for low pay.
Women had the double burden of feeding and clothing their families

14. Standards Check, p. 182 Question: With reforms came Material benefits
New opportunities
Without reforms…..
Workers lived and worked in wretched conditions and poverty.

15. Thinking Critically, p. 183 Questions: 1a
The railway construction destroyed some areas but opened others to public view 1b
Outraged 2
Engels is outraged at the poverty that the working class has suffered in the Industrial Revolution

16. Brief Response
Evaluate the beginning of industrial cities as they grew from towns to heavily populated urban centers. Cite examples from the text.